AIM: What was the significance of an Ottoman Empire coffeehouse? DO NOW: Reflect on yesterday’s lesson. Choose two of the following questions and answer them on a separate piece of paper to be collected in about 10 minutes. -SUMMARIZE ? What was the basis of the Ottoman’s success? -CONNECT ? How do you think Russians felt about the expansion of the Ottoman empire? Explain. -COMPARE ? As Constantinople, and as Istanbul, the city was a thriving and important center for two different cultures. How is the United States similar to Constantinople and Istanbul? -PREDICT ? What difficulties might the Ottomans have had in governing their empire? -ARGUMENT ? Did the weapons the Ottomans introduce change the world forever? -HYPOTHESIZE ? After they captured Constantinople, the Ottoman Turks continued their conquests. The period from 1450 to 1650 is sometimes called “the age of gunpowder empires,” because new military technology helped the Ottomans build their empires. How can such an empire be defeated?

Classroom Discussion Have you ever been to a coffeehouse (e.g. Starbucks) What did you do there? Hypothesize what the Ottomans would do in a coffeehouse.

Turkish Coffeehouses Place where men would come together and form public opinion First opened as a place for people to wait before going into the mosques for prayer Soon became a place where men would meet outside of the home.

Assignment – “Trading Card” Creation Osman I Orhan Mehmed I Murad I Bayezid I Bayezid II Mehmed II Selim I Süleyman I Roxalena Sinan Kösem Osman II Mehmet Koprulu Selim II

AIM: How was Ottoman society structured? Do Now: Do you think Ottoman policies encouraged Christians in the empire to be loyal or disloyal to their Muslim rulers? Explain. What about the Jews?

Society Under Ottoman Rule Followers of religions other than Islam could practice their religions but had to pay a tax. Sultan Heads Ottoman Government Supreme political and military authority Members of Ottoman bureaucracy Subjects were grouped by occupation. Merchants—the most privileged group other than the ruling class Artisans—organized into guilds that provided training and other services Peasants Pastoral peoples

The Ottoman & Women Women resided in seclusion in the harem Purdah (covered while in public)

Ask the class what are the differences between the two perspectives Ask the class what are the differences between the two perspectives? Why do you think that the westerners viewed the harem this way? What do you think a harem is? What is the role of women in Muslim society?

The Harem Separate part of a Muslim household reserved for wives, concubines, and female servants. Sacred place, sanctuary, place of honor, respect, and religious purity Private quarters of the family – not visited by non-family members (female visitors were allowed, but not common) Boys remained with their mothers in the harem until the ages of 10-11

Lady Mary Wortley Montagu Arrived in Istanbul in 1717 with her husband, the British ambassador to the Ottoman court She wrote voluminously of her travels and seems to be mostly unbiased and appreciative of the cultures she encounters with her husband Liberty through Purdah Ability to hold and control money/property acquired through dowries, ingeritance gifts, salaries and divroce Wealthy women were great patrons of the arts and of charitable foundations

DO NOW: Research the Battle of Lepanto…Provide us with the 5W’s AIM: would the world be better off if the ottoman empire still existed? DO NOW: Research the Battle of Lepanto…Provide us with the 5W’s