سلولهای بنيادی اميدها و محدوديتها Mohammad Dehghani, MD

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سلولهای بنيادی اميدها و محدوديتها Mohammad Dehghani, MD سلولهای بنيادی اميدها و محدوديتها Mohammad Dehghani, MD. “ Iranischer Kulturverein Andische„ May 2007, Wien  

Introduction Sources of stem cells Stem cell therapy Stem cells and market analysis Cloning

پيش سخن Stem cells have 3 important characteristics: They are unspecialized cells The renew themselves They can differentiate Stem cell plasticity

تمايز سلولهای بنيادی

منابع سلّولهای بنيادی Embryonic stem cell Extra-embryonic stem Adult stem cells

Morula 3-4 days Blastocyst

مراحل اوليه جنين

سلولهای بنيادی خارج جنينی سلولهاي بنيادي لايه اپيتليال پرده آمنيون سلولها بنيادي جفت سلولهاي بنيادي مايع امنيوني سلولهاي بنيادي ساقه اصلي بند ناف: سلولهاي بنيادي خون بند ناف سلولهاي بنيادي لايه ساب اندوتليال وريد بند ناف سلولهاي بنيادي ماتريكس بند ناف(Wharton’s Jelly)

سلولهاي بنيادي بند ناف وسلولهاي بنيادي خارج جنينی

سلولهاي بنيادي پرده امنيون: سلولهاي بنيادي خون بند ناف نسبت به سلولهاي بنيادي خونساز كه در خون انسان وجود دارد از پتانسيل بيشتري براي توليد سلولهاي خونساز برخوردار ميباشند.علت اين امر حضور فاكتورهاي رشد در پلاسماي خون بند ناف ميباشد آزمايشات مختلفي تمايز سلولهاي بنيادي خونسازبند ناف را به سمت سلولهاي رده خونساز سلولهاي توليد كننده انسولين و سلولهاي عصبي و سلولهاي هپاتوسيت كبدي نشان داده. سلولهاي بنيادي پرده امنيون: به سلولهاي مشتق از 3 لايه زاياي جنيني شامل: Pancreatic endocrine cells and Hepatocytes (endoderm), Cardiomyocytes (mesoderm) Neural cells (ectoderm) زيرا اين سلولها تلومراز را بيان نميكنند و در صورت ترانسپلنت باعث ايجاد تومور نميشوند سلولهاي بنيادي جفت مطالعات نشان داده است كه اين سلولهاي بنيادي قدرت تمايز به سلولهاي عصبي غضروفي عضلاني را دارا ميباشند.

سلولهای بنيادی بالغين سلولهای بنيادی بافت عصبی روده پوست دندان مغز استخوان

سلولهای بنيادی بالغين

سلولهای بنيادی خون ساز

درمان بيماريها با استفاده ازسلولهای بنيادی درمان بيماريها با استفاده از جايگزينی بافتهای آسيب ديده و سلولهای مرده با سلولهای بنيادی جنينی يا بالغ

History of Stem Cells Research 1900's physicians administered bone marrow by mouth to patients with anemia and leukemia. In 1973 a team of physicians performed the first unrelated bone marrow transplant The 1990's saw rapid expansion and success of the bone marrow program with more than 16,000 transplants to date for the treatment of immunodeficiencies and leukemia In 1998, James Thompson (University of Wisconsin - Madison) isolated cells from the inner cell mass of early embryos, and developed the first embryonic stem cell lines.

پاركينسون 2% of adults over 65 Progressive degeneration and loss of dopamin producing neurones. Tremor, rigidity and hyperkinesia

تا سال 2004 تقريبا 350 مريض پا ركينسوني تحت درمان با بافت مزانسفاليك جنيني انسان يا خوك قرار گرفته اند.در اين بيماران بافت ترانسپلنت شده باعث جذ ب فلورو دوپا در بيماران پاركينسوني در روش تصوير برداري PET شد.يك مشكل در پيوند اين ميباشد كه بقا سلولهاي ترانسپلنت شده كم ميباشد.وتنها 5 تا 20 درصد سلولها در محل ضايعه باقي ميمانند.در مدلهاي حيواني بقا سلولهاي ترانسپلنت شده با به كار بردن فاكتورهاي رشد و مواد آنتي اكسيدان افزايش يافته است

(Alzheimer disease)بيماري آلزايمر

ديابت مطالعات مختلفي براي تمايز سلولهاي بنيادي مغز استخوان سلولهاس بنيادي جنيني سلولهاي بنيادي پانكراس بالغين سلولهاي بنيادي خون بند ناف به سمت سلولهاي توليد كننده انسولين صورت گرفته است.خصوصيات اين سلولهاي بنيادي نشان داد كه اين سلولهاي بنيادي قادر به پايين اوردن مقدار گلوكز خون ميباشند. مطالعات نشان داده است كه سلولهاي بنيادي كه از مجراي پانكراس بدست امده اند باعث پايين آوردن مقدار گلوكز خون در موشهاي ديابتي شده اند.

درمان بيماريهای قلبی به کمک سلولهای بنيادی After the infarct medication causing stem cells mobilization into the blood are given and about 4-6 days later, stem cells will be harvested. Stem cells are "filtered out" from the patient's blood by special dialysis equipment. Via a special balloon catheter, stem cells are injected into the coronary artery supplying the infarcted zone.

Stem Cell Market Analysis Fact Sheet Current Applications for Stem Cell Products o Replacement for bone harvesting in spine fusion surgery o Bone growth and void fill in fresh / non-union fractures Companies 200+ worldwide Market for Stem Cell Products o Patient population in the United States for whom existing stem cell therapies are applicable: 2.5 million + Market value of all public stem cell companies: $1.655 billion

Trends of Stem Cell Therapy • Total knee implants • Sports medicine • Heart muscle repair following heart attacks • Use of bone marrow transplants • Treating a broad range of inflammatory diseases in human body

Stem Cell Company Revenues o 2007: $ 36,856,000 estimated o 2016: $8.5 billion estimated

Stem-cell therapies for blood diseases Nature, June 2006

Cloning

خارج کردن هسته سلول تخمک

Royan Institute Reproductive Biomedicine Stem Cell Biology & Technology  Established in 1991 The Department of Stem Cells was established in 2002 to establish embryonic stem cell lines and to differentiate them to some different kinds of cells including: Cardiomyocytes, Beta Cells, and Neural Cells. Embryonic/Adult Stem Cell Biology Neural Beta cells of Pancrease Germ Cell Heart Eye Liver Physicochemical Factors

Royana-SHA-C2

Thank you for your attention!