Environmental Science: Toward A Sustainable Future Chapter 3

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Presentation transcript:

Environmental Science: Toward A Sustainable Future Chapter 3 Ecosystems: How They Work

Fig 2-13

Periodic Chart of Elements John Wiley — Resource Manager CD-ROM N-CHOPS

Know definitions for the following: Atom Element Energy First law of thermodynamics Matter Molecule Second law of thermodynamics

Light energy chemical energy Energy changes in organisms and ecosystems (Fig 3-12) Light energy chemical energy Many calories of light energy to produce a few calories of carbohydrate

Primary production GPP= NPP + energy used by the plants

Productivity of different ecosystems Fig 3-14

Practice Quiz (easy for warm up) Autotrophs are the type of car that emits the most CO2 into the atmosphere. T F “Neolithic Revolution” refers to: a) the rise of agriculture b) the rise of industrialization c) the discovery of the lithosphere d) a rock band Detritivores and decomposers consume: a) living organic material b) inorganic material c) dead organic material d) mushrooms Gross primary production is: a) the total of all prim prod b) energy used by plants for respiration c) biomass consumed only by top level carnivores d) heating of the Earth caused by certain atmospheric gases

Basic Principles of Ecosystem Sustainability For sustainability, ecosystems use sunlight as their source of energy. For sustainability, ecosystems dispose of wastes and replenish nutrients by recycling all elements.

Continuous input Recycling

The Carbon Cycle How and in what form does carbon enter and leave the cycle? How is the role of autotrophs and heterotrophs different and the same? What are the human impacts on the cycle?

The Phosphorus Cycle How and in what form(s) does phosphorus enter and leave the cycle? How is the role of autotrophs and heterotrophs different and the same? What are the human impacts on the cycle?

The Nitrogen Cycle How and in what form(s) does nitrogen enter and leave the cycle? How is the role of autotrophs and heterotrophs different and the same? What are the human impacts on the cycle?

Nitrogen fixation: Bacteria in root nodules of legumes An example of mutualism Fig 3-19

A bloom of Cyanobacteria

Cyanobacteria Anabaena Microcystis

Hydrologic cycle Fig 9-3

The Human System

Nutrient cycling and energy flow through an ecosystem Fig 3-20