P. 01 ESFRI: Sharing Research Infrastructures Bertrand Girard director CNRS Institute of Physics 1

ECRI2010 - Barcelona, March 23rd-24th, 2010 Tuesday, March 23rd, 2010 Wednesday, March 24th, 2010 09:30-11:00 Opening Session E-Infrastructure for Science Coffee Break and Exhibition 12:00-13:30 The European Strategy for RI's 11:30-13:00 Management and Financial Issues Lunch and Exhibition 15:00-16:30 Prioritization of Research Infraestructures 14:30-16:00 The Governance and Future RIs in ERA 17:00-18:30 Political Decision Making 16:30-17:30 Concluding Session   17:30-17:50 Conference Closing

ESFRI presentation from Carlo Rizzuto (ESFRI chair) Managing Research Infrastructures: a few practical examples Bertrand Girard Member of ESFRI Engineering and Physical Sciences Thematic Working Group Member of ESRF, ILL Steering Committee President of SOLEIL SC, ELI prep phase SC

Research Infrastructures ESFRI key results on Research Infrastructures Prof. Carlo RIZZUTO ESFRI chair

ESFRI : a brief introduction European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures, established in 2002 by the Council of Ministers, brings together representatives of the Research Ministers of Member and Associated States and a representative of the European Commission. Mission and strategy of ESFRI Support a coherent, strategy-led approach to policy-making & to facilitate multilateral initiatives leading to a better use and development of RIs, by: Building trust, sharing best practices, developing a common, long-term RI policy at EU level; Involving all Governance levels: EU, Countries, Regions, to attract/pool existing & new resources.

Pan-EU Research Infrastructures Modern research in all scientific fields requires new and expensive instruments, developing a continuous interplay between advancing science challenges and technical responses Several of these instruments are too expensive for any single Country, and must be made available as “international Research Infrastructures” (RIs). Modern RIs are both one sited and distributed, and the increasing capability of ICT allows to connect and access them and the produced knowledge in novel and effective ways

RIs: dynamic Knowledge and Innovation Triangles RIs designed and operated to attract / host the best researchers in the world (trans-national access) play important roles in the advancement of knowledge and technology. To respond to challenges, they develop cross cutting innovation and world-level quality in all aspects of their activities: scientific, educational, technical and managerial. This liberates the creative and inventive potential of the staff, the users and the providers, from scientists to industries, and thus becomes a crucial socioeconomic driver

An overall picture Presentation to ITRE – Feb 2010

Possible returns if well managed International RI New scientific Knowledge new science opportunities Improved public research expenditure Improved local infrastructure (transport, energy, housing,...) Improved education & training Technology and innovation Business opportunities Attraction of industries Spin off companies Higher tax income Improvement of Regional resources Jobs and employment, Local expenditure Political visibility and success environmental aspects Scientific tourism Possible proprietary use Attraction of private funding Construction and competitivity of ERA More funding to research (structural & industl) funding Industry-research collaboration (through open access) Brain exchange Instead of brain drain Attraction of students to Science High quality public Procurement

GRENOBLE HMFL ESRF ILL 11

ERA 2020 Vision “As part of the diversified and rich landscape of top-level scientific institutions, major research infrastructures in the ERA, being jointly funded where appropriate, promote excellence in science on a globally competitive basis. With rapid development of new distributed and e-infrastructures, they offer equitable access to world class modern research facilities and technology demonstrators”

A Key Challenge for EU: build and operate world class RIs No single Country can build and support all the needed open access RIs : many EU Countries have potential RIs (about 300) but often unable to upgrade and manage as needed Open access needed to ensure quality: absorbs large fraction of yearly costs, of about 10-15 billion euro Only by pooling and integrating with new resources the EU can acquire and operate RIs at world level. In several cases agreements and efforts at Global level are necessary (e.g. ITER, Global warming) This challenge was recognised in 2000 when ERA was launched : this led to setting up ESFRI.

A summary of ESFRI Activities ESFRI is engaged, in an “incubator role” in several activities in line with its mission to support policy-making on pan-European and Global RIs This includes Working Groups and actions dealing with various issues that may have an impact on the realisation of RIs, e,g,: Regional Perspectives, rebalance East/West; Siting and Hosting Issues; Management Aspects, and involvement of all Stakeholders Socio-economic returns, and use of new instruments, e.g. EIB/RSFF e-Infrastructures and data (with the e-IRG) Scientific landscapes & forward looks

Thematic Working Groups ESFRI working groups Regional Issues Siting Issues Thematic Working Groups Biological and Medical Sciences (BMS) Energy (ENE) Environmental Sciences (ENV) Engineering Sciences and Physics (ESP) Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH)

Mandate of the Thematic Working Groups Monitoring of the scientific development and the need for RIs in the thematic areas, in consultation with existing relevant scientific organisations. Following the implementation of the projects on the ESFRI Roadmap and giving expert feedback to ESFRI, e.g. on the needed coordination between different projects in the area. Advising ESFRI on whether projects should remain on future editions of the Roadmap, and following a decision by ESFRI, to evaluate possible proposals according to the agreed procedure for the update of the Roadmap. Advising ESFRI on potential improvement in the pan-European availability and management of existing RIs. Coordinate interdisciplinary activities with the other TWGs.  ESFRI roadmap update for the end of 2010

A strong partnership between ESFRI and the EU The EC supports the work of ESFRI: participating as one of the ESFRI delegate funding the Preparatory Phase of the ESFRI roadmap projects being in charge of the ESFRI secretariat developing the RSFF / EIB instrument ESFRI supported the work of the European Commission in the development of: the ERIC regulation and procedures The synergies with the Structural Funds Both work jointly for developing a clear Vision 2020

The ESFRI Roadmap: a major instrument to drive all initiatives In the Roadmap, ESFRI selects and indicates new/upgraded RIs, needed, with the existing ones, for full competitivity of Europe, By 2008: selected 44 projects (out of > 200 proposals), in a continuing process. By December 2010 will include few more RIs in the fields of Health, Food and Energy, 28 out of 33 Member and Associate EU Countries have responded by developing national roadmaps, of which 13 published and 21 funded, some with additional resources.

Implementation of the Roadmap End of 2009: Ten (10) new RIs “under implementation”: agreement reached; the construction phase of these projects is ongoing or imminent: ESRF Upgrade, European Spallation Source, FAIR, ILL 2020 Upgrade, PRACE, SPIRAL2, XFEL … Eight (8) new RIs “moving to implementation”: stakeholders are clearly engaged: BBMRI, CLARIN, E-ELT, ELI, ELIXIR, ICOS, LIFEWATCH, SLHC Ten (10) additional projects into the definition of leading country, financial & technical aspects: DARIAH, COPAL, IAGOS, INSTRUCT, EMSO, KM3NeT, EATRIS, ECRIN, Infrafrontier, EuroFEL

Lessons learned, emerging issues Yes, we can build an ERA for Research Infrastructures! … This vision can be fulfilled by building trust and on trust, thus attracting EU, national and local resources in a common effort in international competitiveness But, while funding for construction can be achieved adding different sources, ....instead open access “operation for excellence”, including open data/ICT, may be hampered by protectionist reflexes also due to limited national research funding and human resources The EU is the only possible source of additional funds to support “operation for excellence”, and should cover 20-30% of international operation (instead of the present 0,25%).

From a strategy … to its implementation Managing Research Infrastructures: a few practical examples

Some remarks from a physicist ESFRI : a tough selection based first on scientific grounds and second on strategic governmental issues BUT : The necessary budgets are not easily available Physics community has been a pioneer to establish Large Scale Research Infrastructures which are most often used by a much larger community (ex: analytical facillities such as synchrotron radiation, or neutron diffraction) New communities are launching more and more Ris  High pressure on budgets

Large scale infrastructure budget : 2007-2017 evolution (CNRS part: up to 10% of CNRS budget (2.7 G€)) Infrastructures External to CNRS ESRF, ILL, SOLEIL … Infrastructures Internal to CNRS

Decision procedure in France : a multiplayer game Minstery of Foreign affairs Minstery of research and universities Minstery of Budget CNRS CEA Agencies - Research Organizations RIs RI projects

Decision procedure in France : a multiplayer game Minstery of Foreign affairs Minstery of research and universities Minstery of Budget CNRS CEA Agencies - Research Organizations RIs RI projects

Decision procedure in France : a multiplayer game Minstery of Foreign affairs Minstery of research and universities Minstery of Budget CNRS CEA Agencies - Research Organizations RIs RI projects

« Juste retour » issue On investment and running expenditures On nationalities of employees Natural bias in favor of the host country … accepted but discussed and questioned On research use Should the access be based on excellence of projects or on quotas linked to contributions ? In general Excellence is a priority and corrective measures are taken ….but to which extend Can one accept projects from countries which do not contribute to the budget ?

Running an international RI … Budget decision issues Multiannual programs but in general budgets are voted annually in most countries The budget repartition is fixed by international agreements If one country lowers its contribution, all others should do Alternatively: delayed payments

Conclusion Large scale Research Infrastructures result from the necessity to combine strengths, budgets and ideas are often the only solution to push forward the limits of knowledge are a fantastic scientific and human adventure, in particular as a contribution to the development of the European Research Area Cooperation better than competition !

an EU-level effort is needed to ensure In summary, an EU-level effort is needed to ensure “institutional excellence” complementing the European Research Council’s effort for “individual excellence” and build, together with the EIT and the JTIs, an European “Research and Innovation AREA”