Free Space Optics (FSO) Technology Overview www.ppttopics.com

Presentation Overview Introduction Why Free Space Optics? How FSO Works Challenges Advantages of FSO Applications of FSO www.ppttopics.com

INTRODUCTION Free space optics is line of sight technology which uses laser and photo detector to provide optical connection between two system without fiber. FSO can transmit data ,audio and video at the speed of 2.5GHz. FSO uses invisible infrared laser light with wavelength of 750nm or 1500nm.. FSO is full duplex(It can transmit data in both direction). www.ppttopics.com

Why Free Space Optics? Why Not Just Bury More Fiber? Cost Rights of Way Permits Trenching Time With FSO, especially through the window, no permits, no digging, no fees www.ppttopics.com

Why Free Space Optics? The FSO “Value Proposition” No interference Unlicensed Easy to install Through the window (or from the rooftop) No trenching, no permits Fiber-like data rates Many deployment options Fungible equipment www.ppttopics.com

Why Free Space Optics? How Fiber Optic Cable Works Glass Fiber Strands Light Source Detector Detector Light Source Network Device Network Device Pulses of light communicate the data “ON” = 1 “OFF = 0 Capable of more than 40 Gbps >7 CDs a second www.ppttopics.com

Anything that can be done in fiber can be done with FSO How FSO Works 3 A receiver at the other end of the link collects the light using lenses and/or mirrors 2 Transmitter projects the carefully aimed light pulses into the air 5 Reverse direction data transported the same way. Full duplex 1 Network traffic converted into pulses of invisible light representing 1’s and 0’s 4 Received signal converted back into fiber or copper and connected to the network Anything that can be done in fiber can be done with FSO www.ppttopics.com

Challenges Environmental factors Sunlight Window Attenuation Fog Building Motion Alignment Scintillation Range Obstructions Low Clouds Each of these factors can “attenuate” (reduce) the signal. However, there are ways to mitigate each environmental factor. www.ppttopics.com

Challenges Atmospheric Attenuation - FOG Absorption or scattering of optical signals due to airborne particles Primarily FOG but can be rain, snow, smoke, dust, etc. Can result in a complete outage FSO wavelengths and fog droplets are close to equal in size (Mie Scattering) Typical FSO systems work 2-3X further than the human eye can see High availability deployments require short links that can operate in the fog www.ppttopics.com

Challenges Low Clouds, Rain, Snow and Dust Very similar to fog May accompany rain and snow Rain Drop sizes larger than fog and wavelength of light Extremely heavy rain (can’t see through it) can take a link down Water sheeting on windows Heavy Snow May cause ice build-up on windows Whiteout conditions Sand Storms Likely only in desert areas; rare in the urban core www.ppttopics.com

Challenges Scintillation Beam spreading and wandering due to propagation through air pockets of varying temperature, density, and index of refraction. Almost mutually exclusive with fog attenuation. Results in increased error rate but not complete outage. www.ppttopics.com

ADVANTAGES OF FSO DATA SECURITY: To overcome the security in a network two conditions are necessary 1)Intercept enough of the signal to reconstruct data packet and 2)Be able to decode that information. NO LICENCE REQUIRE INSTALLATION COST IS VERY LOW HIGHLY SECURED TRANSMISSION IS POSSIBLE HIGH DATA RATE UPTO 2.5 GHz TO 10 GHz IN NEARER FUTURE . www.ppttopics.com

APPLICATION OF FSO IT IS USED IN MILLITARY APPLICATIONS Air Force Navy Its potential for low electromagnetic emanation when transferring sensitive data Navy Secure communication with submerged submarines. www.ppttopics.com

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