Welcome to the sixth HAPL meeting

HAPL Program Principals We like Laser Fusion Energy because it leads to an attractive power plant We have made significant advances in Laser Fusion Science & Technology This thing just might work! Truly modular architecture lowers both development cost and risk. Allows phased approach: Science and technology Full-scale component development Full scale Engineering Test Facility that can evolve into a demo We are developing Laser Fusion Energy as an integrated system Foster team work & cross institutional collaborations Good ideas can come from anywhere (and are encouraged!) We are addressing (as much as we can) the biggest challenges first We value simplicity

The Path to develop Laser Fusion Energy Phase I: Basic fusion science & technology 1999- 2005 Scalable Technologies Krypton fluoride laser Diode pumped solid state laser Target fabrication & injection Final optics Chambers materials/design Target design & Physics 2D/3D simulations 1-30 kJ laser-target expts Phase II Validate science & technology 2006 - 2014 Full Scale Components Power plant laser beamline Target fab/injection facility Power Plant design Ignition Physics Validation MJ target implosions Calibrated 3D simulations  Full size laser: 2.4 MJ, 60 laser lines  Optimize targets for high yield  Develop materials and components.   300-700 MW net electricity  Resolve basic issues by 2028 Phase III Engineering Test Facility operating  2020

We are rapidly achieving the goals needed to start Phase II (page 1 of 3) LASERS Develop technologies that can meet fusion energy requirements for efficiency (> 6%), repetition rate (5-10 Hz), and durability (>100,000,000 shots continuous). Demonstrate required laser beam quality and pulse shaping. Laser technologies employed must scale to reactor size laser modules and project to have attractive costs for commercial fusion energy. FINAL OPTICS Meet laser induced damage threshold (LIDT) requirements of more than 5 Joules/cm2, in large area optics. Develop a credible final optics design that is resistant to degradation from neutrons, x-rays, gamma rays, debris, contamination, and energetic ions.

We are rapidly achieving the goals needed to start Phase II (page 2 of 3) CHAMBERS Develop a viable first wall concept for a fusion power plant. Produce a viable “point design” for a fusion power plant. TARGET FABRICATION Develop mass production methods to fabricate cryogenic DT targets that meet the requirements of the target design codes and chamber design. Includes characterization. Combine these methods with established mass production costing models to show targets cost will be less than $0.25.

TARGET INJECTION AND TRACKING We are rapidly achieving the goals needed to start Phase II (page 2 of 3) TARGET INJECTION AND TRACKING Build an injector that can place targets at chamber center (~6.5 m) in 16 milliseconds or less. Demonstrate target tracking with sufficient accuracy for a power plant (+/- 20 microns). TARGET DESIGN/PHYSICS (also includes Nike and Omega ICF programs) Develop credible target designs, using 2D and 3D modeling, that have sufficient gain (> 100) + stability for fusion energy. Benchmark underlying codes with experiments on Nike & Omega. Integrate design into needs of target fab, injection and reactor chamber.

Description of Phase III (ETF) The ETF will have operational flexibility to perform four major tasks: Full size driver with sufficient energy for high gain. 2.4 MJ Laser Replications of the beam line developed in Phase II. But allow improvements. Optimize targets for high yield. Address issues specific to direct drive and high yield. Test, develop, and optimize chamber components Includes first wall and blanket, tritium breeding, tritium recovery. Requires thermal management (100-200 MWth). Electricity production (300-700 MW net) potential for high availability. Chamber with blanket and electrical generator (1500-2000 MWth). Laser, final optics and target technologies should be mature and reliable by now

ETF-Tasks 1 & 2 (driver demo and optimize gain) Target fabrication & injection. DEMO Scale. Capable of continuous 5 Hz runs Target factory Laser : DEMO Scale ~ 2.4 MJ > 106 shots MTBF for entire system (Beam lines > 108 from Phase II) OPTIMIZE TARGETS FOR HIGH GAIN Single shot and burst mode Final Optics: DEMO Scale (Full LIDT threat & debris) Chamber: see next Viewgraph

ETF-First Generation Chamber for Task 1 (demo driver), Task 2 (optimize gain), and Task 3 (materials/components blanket development) Full yield, rep-rate, burst -- target physics, chamber dynamics 10% yield, rep-rate, continuous -- material/component tests TWO MODES: Test multiple blanket concepts, if desired FIRST WALL (6.5 m radius) 1. Full laser energy & yield (400 MJ), 5 Hz runs, up to few hours duration: < 0.02 micron erosion/shot 105 shots maximum 2. Full laser energy with 10% yield (40 MJ), continuous operation: negligible erosion/shot 107shots or more Design allows annual replacement 40cm x 40 cm cooled samples @ 2 m radius BLANKET / COOLING 125-200 MWth (10% yield @ 5 Hz) Breed Tritium (Sombrero TBR= 1.25 (LiO2)]

ETF-Task 4 (Electricity Production) Upgrade chamber materials based on R&D Upgrade to best blanket to come out of R&D Upgrade chamber cooling: (200 MW to 2.0 GW thermal) Generate 300-700 MW net electricity by 2028

We have decided to concentrate on a "front runner" first wall We have decided to concentrate on a "front runner" first wall.... HAPL materials and chambers community has chosen tungsten armored- low activation ferritic. Why choose a "Front Runner" approach? Focuses our resources. Should lead to a workable solution faster Why tungsten/ ferritc? Most mature data base Most viable candidate to field on the ETF within the next 12-15 years. Takes advantage of vast body of fission and other fusion work Battle plan to develop this first wall concept will be discussed tomorrow. Goal of plan: Assess this approach in archival paper by Dec 31, 2003 Note that front runner does not imply other approaches are abandoned. Means we will concentrate resources on the most promising approach Same methodology we are following with the final optic.

Be sure to give me electronic copies of your talk Agenda-Wed Be sure to give me electronic copies of your talk

Agenda-Thurs

We don't do this sort of thing in the HAPL program