Bacteria Salmonella spp.

Escherichia coli MRSA

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes There are two basic types of cells: prokaryote and eukaryote. Plants, animals and fungi are eukaryotes: meaning they have a true nucleus. Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms. All bacteria are prokaryotes. They are the smallest, simplest organisms.

Eubacteria This group includes the traditional bacteria and is the largest of the two.

Bacteria are everywhere! They are found in nearly every habitat studied, including some that no other organism is able to withstand

General Structure of a Bacterium Bacteria have : a cell wall a cell membrane no membrane-bound organelles such as a nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, Golgi apparatus, or ER.

Movement: Cilia and Flagella Some bacteria are able to move using special cell structures called cilia and flagella. Cilia are hair like Flagella are tail-like By repetitive beating (like a bending motion), they cause the cell to move. Think of oars in a boat.

Bacterial shapes Cocci – spherical Bacilli - rod-shaped Diplococci – pair Streptococci - chain  Bacilli - rod-shaped Spirochete – spiral

Asexual reproduction: Fission Prokaryotes reproduce by simply splitting in two in a process called binary fission. The DNA is copied and the cell divides into two identical cells.

Sexual reproduction: Conjugation Sexual reproduction combines genes from two different individuals and increases variation.  Conjugation - Two cells join briefly and one cell donates some DNA (called a plasmid) to the other one.

Video: Big Bang http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mx8itzrdV7I http://www.ryancshaw.com/Files/micro/Animations/BacterialGrowth/PLAY_bacterial_growth.html Cell phones and bacteria http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?title=Cell_Phone_Bacteria&video_id=15882