CNS HCT II

The BRAIN The brain is the most complex part of the human body. This three-pound organ is the seat of intelligence, interpreter of the senses, initiator of body movement, and controller of behavior. Lying in its bony shell and washed by protective fluid, the brain is the source of all the qualities that define our humanity. The brain is never wrong or is it.

Processing Words and Letters Read the Sentence and count how many F’s are in it. FINISHED FILES ARE THE RESULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY COMBINED WITH THE EXPERIENCE OF YEARS

Processing Words and Letters THERE ARE 6 FINISHED FILES ARE THE RESULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY COMBINED WITH THE EXPERIENCE OF YEARS Your brain does not process the word “of when reading sentences

Memorizing a list Purse TV garden hose light bulb Memorize this list Purse TV garden hose light bulb chain-link fence hammer Waterfall chocolate syrup Grill chair

Write down the items on the list How can you make lists easier to remember?

List the colors

Brain Teaser- Word Rhymes Headache= Brain___________ Chief Genius=_________________Brain Tune you can’t get out of your head=Brain____________ Vehicle that transports cerebrums= Brain_____________ What a neurology professor does=_____________Brains Not abormal=____________Brain

CNS The two deep sulci divide the brain into four lobes, which are named for the bones that lie over them.

CNS The largest part of the brain (Cerebrum) It has many ridges called CONVOLUTIONS OR GYRI The groves are called sulci The deepest sulci are called fissures The longitudinal fissure divides the brain into right and left halves, except for the lower structures which are corpus callosum.

Are you left or right brained braintest.sommer-sommer.com/ Video

Cerebellum Responsible for: Muscle coordination Balance Posture Muscle tone Extending from the rear of the brainstem is the cerebellum, meaning "little brain," which is what its two wrinkled hemispheres look like. The cerebellum enables types of nonverbal learning and memory. However, its most obvious function is coordinating voluntary movement. If you injured your cerebellum, you would likely have difficulty walking, keeping your balance, or shaking hands.

Frontal lobe

Frontal Lobe Motor Cortex Sends Messages to generate movement

Primary Motor Cortex Every part of the body is represented in the primary motor cortex, and these representations are arranged somatotopically — the foot is next to the leg which is next to the trunk which is next to the arm and the hand.

Occipital Lobe Location: Bottom, back part of the cortex Function: Responsible for processing visual information from the eyes

Temporal Lobe understanding of individual words.• tell the difference between melody, pitch, and sound intensity Comprehend, or understand meaningful speech Sense of smell processing of complex stimuli like faces and scenes. key role in the formation of long-term memory)

Occipital Lobe Function: Responsible for processing visual information from the eyes makes sense of visual information so that we are able to understand it

Parietal Lobe Cognition Information Processing Touch Sensation (Pain, Temperature, pressure, etc) Understanding Spatial Orientation Movement Coordination Speech Visual Perception (distance and shape of objects) Reading and Writing Mathematical Computation

Sensory Cortex

Sensory Cortex The somatosensory cortex receives all sensory input from the body Neurons that sense feelings in our skin, pain, visual, or auditory stimuli, all send their information to the somatosensory cortex

Medulla Oblongata Location: Lower part of the brain stem Responsible for regulating Heartbeat Respiration Swallowing Coughing Blood pressure

Midbrain Located below the cerebrum on top of the brain stem Responsible for conducting messages between parts of the brain and for eye reflexes and for auditory reflexes

PONS Relays messages between the brain and brain stem Functions Arousal Breathing Regulation Relaying Sensory Information Between the Cerebrum and cerebellum Controls sleep cycles and regulates REM sleep

Diencephalon Located between the cerebrum and midbrain

Thalamus Location: Part of the forebrain, below the corpus callosum Function: Responsible for relaying information from the sensory receptors to proper areas of the brain where it can be processed. diagnoses different sensory information that is being transmitted to the brain including

Hypothalamus - Thirst and water balance - Hunger and satiety - Autonomic regulation - Temperature regulation - Sexual urges - emotions (anger, fear, pain and affection

Corpus Callosum Connects the right and left hemispheres of the brain The Corpus Callosum is the part of the mind that allows communication between the two hemispheres of the brain.

Meninges Three membranes the cover and protect the brain and spinal cord Dura matter- thick, tough outer layer Arachnoid membrane- middle weblike layer that allows fluid to move through it Pia matter Innermost layer Closely attached to the brain and spinal cord Contains blood vessels that nourish the nerve tissue

Ventricles Four hollow spaces in the brain Connect with each other and with the SUBARACHNOID SPACE- space under the arachnoid membrane Filled with cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) Fluid circulates continually between ventricles and subarachnoid space. Serves as a shock absorber Carries nutrients to some parts of the brain and spinal cord Helps remove waste