AESTHEICS: CONCEPT OF IDEAL BEAUTY What is ideal beauty? Kant says Aesthetics is, “ pure beauty, without subjective opinion.”

SOCRATES Socrates postulated, that the main task of the artist was to give a standard idealised contour of the human body in exact proportions to gain Balance and harmony. We can still admire this in the statue of the "Aphrodite of Melos", better known as the "Venus de Milo", one of the most famous works of art history...

VENUS DE MILO

FIRST CENTURY Vitruv, in the first century b.c., reports the classical ideal of beauty as derived from symmetry and a modular relationship, of the parts to the whole on a mathematical basis. (The smaller part compares to the larger as this to the whole: this is called "The Golden Section" or the "Golden Mean".)

DA VINCI

MORE BEAUTY ... in the same way as this beautiful ideal image of a man's body, the so called "Warrior of Riace", found in the Mediterranean Sea a few years ago, now in Naples. These personified ideals of classical beauty have influenced art throughout the centuries until today! 5. Warrior of Riace

Warrior of Riace

DEFINITION OF ART REPRESENTATION EXPRESSON FORM

REPRESENTATIONAL REPRESENTATION means that the work depicts something easily recognized by most people. Leon Deloice: Third Avenue New York Venus of Willendorf

EXPRESSIONISM A term used to denote the use of distortion and exaggeration for emotional effect Franz Kline: New York

FORM Objects with three- dimensions

AESTHETICS AESTHETICS: BRANCH OF PHILOSOPHY CONCERNED WITH IDENTIFYING THE CLUES WITHIN WORKS OF ART THAT CAN BE USED TO UNDERSTAND, JUDGE, AND DEFEND JUDGMENTS ABOUT THOSE WORKS

ART CRITICISM: reasoned activity of the mind DESCRIPTION: What is seen in the artwork? (what is there vs. emotion) ANALYSIS How is the artwork designed? (principles of art) INTERPRETATION What does it mean? (meaning/mood/idea) JUDGEMENT Is a successful work of art? (defending with good reasons)

ELEMENTS OF ART & PRINCIPLES OF ART Color, value, line, texture shape, space PRINCIPLES OF ART: balance, emphasis, harmony, variety, gradation, movement/rhythm, proportion

DESIGN CHART BALANCE EMPHASIS HARMONY VARIETY GRADATION MOVEMENT COLOR PROPORTION COLOR VALUE LINE TEXTURE SHAPE/FORM SPACE

AESTHETIC THEORIES IMITATIONALISM : importance of literal qualities (looks real/lifelike) FORMALISM: effective organization of the elements/principles of art (Colors, values, lines textures, shapes, forms, space etc.)

AESTHETIC THEORIES cont. EMOTIONALISM: vivid communication of moods, feelings, ideas.

ART CRITICISM: HOW TO JUDGE 1. Do you like or dislike the painting? Difference between expressions of like/dislike and judgment 2. Describe the literal painting how, when, where, what, who 3. Analyze on the basis of elements/principles of art 4. Interpretation: why, artist purpose 5. Judgment: on the basis of art criticism and three aesthetic theories (representation, expression, form)

NONOBJECTIVE ART: contains no apparent reference to reality. Artist who create these works place primary importance on the MANNER in which the elements and principles of art are used

Nonobjective Art: one must foremost reject realistic subject matter Franz Kline, Mahoning: here the artist used oil paints. Notice the broad strokes of black paint, the bold contrast Of white and black, suggestion of steel skeletons of modern Skyscrapers. Jackson Pollock: One (8’ 10” x 17’ 5”): here the artist dripped, poured, Slashed paints from sticks and brushes. It is so large that It seems to wrap itself around viewers commanding their Complete attention

AESTHETICS= analysis VS. emotion Beauty is in the eye of the beholder BUT in the philosophy of aesthetics the eye must decide analytically

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