Mitosis How Cells Divide

Have you ever wondered… How do little elephants grow up to be BIG elephants?

Or….. Why do animals shed their skin?

The process of asexual reproduction begins after a sperm fertilizes an egg.

Three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction: 1. Growth 2 Three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction: 1. Growth 2. Repair 3. Replacement

Give an example of a time your cells would need to reproduce!

Cancer CANCER is when cells multiple rapidly, basically UNCONTROLLED mitosis Skin cancer - the abnormal growth of skin cells - most often develops on skin exposed to the sun

What is the Cell Cycle? What is MITOSIS? The series of events in which a cell grows, prepares to divide, and divides to form two new identical cells. What is MITOSIS? The second stage of the cell cycle when the cell divides into two new identical cells.

Animated Mitosis Cycle http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase & Cytokinesis

Interphase occurs before mitosis begins Chromosomes are copied. Chromosomes are made of DNA. Pieces of DNA in specific patterns are called genes. Your genes make you who you are. You will find the chromosomes  in the nucleus. CELL MEMBRANE Nucleus Cytoplasm Chromosomes

Interphase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Prophase 1st step in Mitosis Mitosis begins. Cell begins to divide. Centrioles (or poles) appear and begin to move to opposite end of the cell. Spindle fibers form between the poles. Centrioles chromosomes Spindle fibers

Prophase Plant Cell Animal Cell Spindle fibers Centrioles Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Metaphase 2nd step in Mitosis Chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell. They attach to the spindle fibers. Chromosomes Centrioles Spindle fibers

Metaphase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Anaphase 3rd step in Mitosis Chromosomes separate and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell. Chromosomes Centrioles Spindle fibers

Anaphase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Telophase 4th step in Mitosis The cell forms nuclear membranes around each set of chromosomes. There are two new nuclei. The chromosomes uncoil. Mitosis ends. Nucleus Nucleus

Telophase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Cytokinesis occurs after mitosis Cell membrane moves inward to create two new cells – each with its own complete set of DNA with identical chromosomes.

PMAT REMEMBER! Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase A mnemonic to help remember the stages of mitosis. Pro Middle Away Two

Animal Mitosis -- Review Interphase                                                              Prophase                                                              Metaphase                                                              Anaphase                                                              Telophase                                                             

Plant Mitosis -- Review Interphase                                                              Prophase                                                              Metaphase                                                              Anaphase                                                              Telophase                                                             

Cell Cycle

4. Anaphase The Cell Cycle 2. Prophase 6. Cytokinesis 5.Telophase - Cell Division The Cell Cycle 2. Prophase 3. Metaphase 4. Anaphase 5.Telophase 1. Interphase 6. Cytokinesis 25

Mitosis Animation http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm