Lifestyle and Culture of Newfies Topic 3.5 Nl Studies Lifestyle and Culture of Newfies

This Lesson Deals with Lifestyle/Culture of Resident fishers late 1700’s and into 1800’s Examine new ways of life as communities took shape

Life on land and sea During migratory fishery, most harbours/coves essentially seasonal communities As resident fishery developed, communities began to emerge *

Life on land and sea Some shoreline communities did remain as “fishing stations” only Even permanently settled communities lost some of their residents for parts of year Why do you think this happened??

Fishing Station

LIFe on land and sea e.g. Whole families would move to Lab. fishery in summer e.g. Many families would move into woods for the winter *Winterhousing*

Winterhousing Moved to the woods during the winter Practiced in regions outside Avalon Main reason: to obtain wood for fuel and shelter Hunt

Inshore Fishery Became mainly a family fishery Replaced hired hands that had been used for previous centuries

Outport Adaptation?? Combining cod fisheries with other fisheries or land-based work “Subsistence Production” ??

12. Common ways to earn more income Seal Fishing/Hunt Logging Fur Trapping Farming – Enough to sell crops.

11. List of Subsistence Activities Hunting – Seabirds Farming – Vegetables Gathering – Berry Picking Harvesting – Timber (To Build with or Burn) Building their own houses/Warves/boats etc. Make their own clothes (Sew, Knit, Quilt) Make their own Bread, Butter, Jam etc.

Seasonal Round pg. 220 text -Comparison

Government and Justice Naval Governor Appointed by British Government to handle Civil Justice Needed way to facilitate law more effectively

Henry Osborne - 1729

Government and Justice Magistrate: Person who administrates law Civil Magistrate (9 districts) Surrogate Magistrate (5 zones) Fish Merchants considerable influence? Improvements were made (Chief of Justice and establishment of Supreme Court)

Religion As permanent settlement increased so did organized religion determined by early immigration patterns (English, Scottish, Irish, French)

Religion English - Church of England (Anglican)Some Methodists/Cregationalists (United) Irish/Highland Scots/Most French - Roman Catholics Lowland Scots (Codroy) - Presbyterians

Religious Tensions Caused by growth of permanent settlement Experienced in their European Homelands Each religion wanted power Churches took responsibility of education Today?

Health End of 1700‘s few healthcare services available Naval Surgeons Physician who serviced outport communities travelled long ways by snoeshoe, horseback and boat Patients could not often afford treatment

Health First Civilian Hospital was Riverhead Hospital in St.John’s (1814) Ran largely by public donations ; struggled to provide adequate care Three more opened in St.John’s by end of 1800’s Rural??

Josephine Gibbons District Nurse – St. Mary’s Bay Area – 1938- 1975. Performed duties of a nurse and doctor. Delivered most children in the area. Received the Order of Canada for her work in 1992. One of few civilians to receive this prestigious award.

Education Formal Education was slow to develop Main Objective living and Survival Fishing ( Boys ) Household production ( Girls )

First School First school in 1726 started by church Some Private Schools evolved 1836 first Education Act ( grants to church) In 1900’s less than 50% of children in school WHY??

First School

Social Class In 1800’s two main classes Wealthy merchants / Planters vs. Poor Fishers Rural middle class emerged toward late 1800’s Which social class is largest today??

Culture and Identity Dialects of different communities no roads = little interaction Do distinctive dialects still exist?? Are there still isolated outports?

Culture Today… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qDXe0KT1HMY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJCKvpg6WTg

Culture Activity Assignment Read through some newspapers. Or go to VOCM.com. Select 2 pieces of news. Summarize the information in the form of a J.E. Each Journal Entry should be ½ a page = 1 full page. Include in your entry, how the pieces you selected, relate in the culture of NL. Think about it. Think about how our culture as a whole may feel regarding the topics you selected. Attached both news pieces to your journal entry.

What is one thing that Newfoundlanders like to do? PLAY….. http://myfreebingocards.com/numbers/1-75/printable-bingo-card-generator