lymphocytes attacking cancer cell lymph system Aim: “Fighting the Enemy Within” lymphocytes attacking cancer cell lymph system 2006-2007

Diseases of the immune system HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infects helper T cells Helper T cells can’t activate rest of immune system Body doesn’t hear the alarm T-cell HIV

2) AIDS: Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome infections by opportunistic diseases death usually from other invading diseases or cancer

Auto-immune diseases immune system attacks own cells 1) Lupus Your immune system attacks healthy cells and tissues by mistake 2) Diabetes high levels of sugar in the blood because pancreas not working Don’t have chemicals needed for digestion

3) Rheumatoid arthritis antibodies causing damage to cartilage & bone 4) Multiple sclerosis T cells attack brain & spinal cord nerves

5.Fibromyalgia causes chronic pain and fatigue throughout the body. Heightened sensations to touch.

Leukemia Cancer of the blood cells

Immune system malfunctions Allergies over-reaction to harmless compounds allergens proteins on pollen, dust mites, animal saliva body mistakenly thinks they are attackers

Protecting you from disease Antibiotics = medicine Advantage kill bacteria that have successfully invaded you make you well after being sick

Disadvantage use only after sick only good against bacteria possible development of resistance by bacteria (if don’t use correctly) can get sick again

Transfusions The body can reject a transfusion. Immune system attacks it thinking it is a foreign invader.

Allergies Allergens are antibodies that cause an excessive activation of white blood cells ***Anaphylactic Shock * can cause death

Histamines A neurotransmitter that increases the release of white blood cells. *brings about sinus like symptoms

Antihistamines Inhibit the release of histamine Examples: Zyrtec, Claritin, Nasonex

Transplant Organs Body will reject foreign tissues causing the immune system to attack the organ. Patients are put on immunosupressants.

Blood Type antigens & antibodies Universal Donor – Type O Universal Acceptor – Type AB

RECIPIENT DONOR Blood donation clotting clotting clotting clotting

Blood type A B AB O Who can they Receive Blood from? blood type A, O universal recipient O universal donor Matching compatible blood groups is critical for blood transfusions