Mehanizem Unije na področju civilne zaščite

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Presentation transcript:

Mehanizem Unije na področju civilne zaščite SKLEP št. 1313/2013/EU EVROPSKEGA PARLAMENTA IN SVETA z dne 17. decembra 2013 mag. Milena Dobnik Jeraj, vodja Službe za mednarodne in evropske zadeve, URSZR ICZR Ig, 25. 9. 2014

Mehanizem Unije za civilno zaščito - na kratko Civilna zaščita/varstvo pred naravnimi in drugimi nesrečami v EU načelo subsidiarnosti (politika CZ je pristojnost države članice, EU izvaja podporne in dopolnilne dejavnosti) Mehanizem Unije za civilno zaščito - okvir EU za sodelovanje pri celostnem obvladovanju nesreč (preventiva in pripravljenost ter odziv) Glavni namen mehanizma Unije za CZ je: spodbujati okrepljeno sodelovanje med državami članicami in Unijo nuditi, na prošnjo prizadete države, podporo in usklajevanje mednarodne pomoči v primeru velikih nesreč - Vse vrste nesreč, onesnaženja morja Delovanje: znotraj in zunaj EU (tretje države)

Države, sodelujoče v mehanizmu Unije za CZ - 31 držav: 28 držav članic EU, EGP države in Makedonija (podpisala MOU) - odprt tudi za tretje države

PRISTOJNOSTI Kristalina GEORGIEVA Catherine ASHTON Cecilia MALMSTRÖM International Cooperation, Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Response High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Home Affairs

DG ECHO DG ECHO – HUMANITARNA POMOČ IN CIVILNA ZAŠČITA Claus SØRENSEN, Director-General

Orodja mehanizma Unije za civilno zaščito Center za usklajevanje nujnega odziva (ERCC) Nabor sil (moduli) in strokovnjakov Skupni komunikacijski in informacijski sistem za nujne primere (CECIS) Program usposabljanja (tečaji, vaje, izmenjava strokovnjakov) Pomoč pri transportu pomoči

Center za usklajevanje nujnega odziva (ERCC – Emergency Response Coordination Centre), Bruselj, 24/7

Center ERCC – MONITORING, OBVEŠČANJE GDACS - Global Disaster Alert And Coordination System Flood forecasting Flood alerts Weather monitoring Fire forecasting

Center ERCC- PRODUKTI ERC Portal CECIS ECHO Daily ECHO Crisis Report - MIC messages ECHO Daily 9

NABOR SIL ZA UKREPANJE MODULI, STROKOVNJAKI 24 HCP (High capacity pumping) 5 WP (Water purification) 3 FFFP (Aerial forest fire fighting module using planes) 10 AMP (Advanced medical post) 4 AMPS (Advanced medical post with surgery) 4 MEVAC (Medical aerial evacuation of disaster victims) 30 MUSAR (Medium urban search and rescue – 1 equipped and trained for cold conditions) 12 HUSAR (Heavy urban search and rescue) 16 CBRNDET (CBRN detection and sampling) 5 CBRNUSAR (USAR in CBRN conditions) 2 FHOS (Field hospital) 1 ETS (Emergency Temporary Shelter) 7 GFFF (Ground fire fighting) 19 GFFF-V (Ground forest fire fighting using vehicles) 2 FC (Flood containment) 4 FRB (Flood rescue using boats) 10 TAST (Technical assistance and support team) Altogether: 149 CP modules and 10 TAST

Sistem CECIS

PROGRAM USPOSABLJANJ Tečaji (11 vrst – osnovni, operativni, za tehnične strokovnjake, nadaljevalni, specializirani) Vaje: štabne, praktične Program izmenjave strokovnjakov

Aktiviranje mehanizma Unije za CZ Aktiviranje mehanizma Prizadeta država Zaprosilo za pomoč Sprejme / zavrne pomoč Poročila ERCC Ujemanje ponudb s potrebami Enota EU CP Team Transport pomoči Aktiviranje mehanizma 13

Intervencije mehanizma Unije na področju CZ v 2002 Czech Republic Floods 2002-09-05 Request handled Assistance delivered Spain Marine pollution(Prestige) 2002-11-13 EU observers and 1 MIC liaison officer were deployed + other assistance Greece Flooded cave 2002-11-13 Request handled Assistance delivered

Intervencije mehanizma Unije za civilno zaščito v 2013 JORDAN Syrian Refugees A renewed request for assistance was made on 23 April 2013. - ERC deployed 4 CPs team of in sum 14 experts + 4 ERCC Liaison Officers - IT and LU offered in-kind assistance (Pre-Fab health structure + ambulances, respectively) - Handover to and integration into HA was successfully ensured BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Forest Fire 05.08. – 07.08.2013 Request for assistance for aerial FF means was made on 05 August 2013. -HR offered 2 FF airplanes that were deployed for two days. CENTRAL EUROPE Floods May – June 2013 - ERC served as information hub, providing an up-to-date overview of the situation Europe-wide - ERC provided Satellite Images of affected areas to PS BULGARIA-Syrian refugees -BG requested assistance in relation with Syrian refugees in the country - AT, HU, SK, LV, SI provided assistance in form of camp related items (jerry cans, cutleries, towels, bed linen, blankest, mattresses, beds). HR awarded assistance in Jan 2014. ERCC LO deployed with DG HOME in BG, GR, Cy to assess situation PORTUGAL Forest Fire 29.08. – 05.09.2013 Request for assistance for aerial FF means was made on 29 08.2013. -HR offered 2 FF airplanes that were deployed until 3 SEPT - Bilateral offers: FR(3 FF airplanes) and ES(2 FF airplanes) LEBANON Syrian Refugees Request for assistance was made on 14 May 2013. - An EU CP team was deployed from 06 to 13 June to evaluate refugee needs on-site - Subsequent request for NFIs remains active on CECIS NIGERIA Floods Preparedness Mission 13.08. – 22.08.2013 Request for technical assistance was received on 01 July 2013. - An EU Civil Protection Team of 5 expterts + 1 ERC Liaison Officer + 1 UNDAC associate member was deployed Philippines –Typhoon HAIYAN 08.11.2013-ongoing - Request for assistance was sent by PHL to UN. Based on RFA EUCPM deployed 3 EUCPT's with a total of 22 experts and 3 LO's, and 1 maritime pollution expert associated to UNEP/UNOCHA env mission. - Offers were received from 26 EUCP PS consisting in financial or inkind assistance ina total value of 134 mil eur. - EU also awarded 20 mil euro for humanitarian operations and development - 3.57 mil euro were awarded by EUCPM as support to the MS(BE, FR, DE, IT, SE, UK, ) for transport of the in-kind assistance MYANMAR Tropical Cyclone 12.05. – 16.05.2013 - In expectance of Tropical Cyclone Mahasen the UN triggered an UNDAC alert.. - An EU CP expert was selected to join the UNDAC mission. - The mission was cancelled after the cyclone changed path KENYA Airport Fire Assessment Mission 14.08. – 20.08.2013 Request for assistance made to the UN on 09 August 2013. - An EU CP expert was selected to join the UNEP/OCHA team on an environmental impact assessment mission. NEPAL Fact Finding Mission 29.04. – 04.05.2013 - A team consisting of 1 EEAS staff, 2 ECHO staff, 1 ERC Liaison Officer and 2 CP experts from PS was deployed on 29 April 2013 to elaborate a preparedness plan to assist EU citizens in case of a disaster striking Nepal. MADAGASCAR Environmental Hazard Assessment Mission 06.04. – 16.04.2013 Request for assistance made to the UN on 20 February 2013. - An EU CP expert was selected to join the UNEP/OCHA team on an environmental impact assessment mission. Monitoring status: South Sudan-Internal conflict (25.12.2013- ongoing); Europe-Severe Weather N Europe (05.12.2013-ongoing); Italy-Floods Sardinia (19-27.11.2013); Europe- Storm Christian-Jude(28.10-06.11.2013); India TC PHAILIN-13 (13-23.10.2013); China – TC USAGI-13 (21-27.09.2013); Solomon Islands – Earthquake (06.02.2013); Russian Federation – Meteorite (15.02.2013); France – Heavy Snowfall (11.03.2013); Iceland – Volcanic Activity (26.03.2013); Iran – Earthquake (09.04. and 16.042013); China – Earthquake (20.04.2013); Italy – Earthquake (21.06.2013); France – Train Accident (12. 07.2013); Syria – Civil Unrest (on going); Turkey – Syrian Refugees ; Pre-alert (early warning message) status: Central African Republic- Crisis (15.12.2013-ongoing), France – Chemical Accident (22.01.2013); Italy – Earthquake (21.06-06.07.2013); France-train Accident/ traffic (12.07.2013)

Intervencije mehanizma Unije za civilno zaščito v 2013 JORDAN Syrian Refugees A renewed request for assistance was made on 23 April 2013. - ERC deployed 4 CPs team of in sum 14 experts + 4 ERCC Liaison Officers - IT and LU offered in-kind assistance (Pre-Fab health structure + ambulances, respectively) - Handover to and integration into HA was successfully ensured BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Forest Fire 05.08. – 07.08.2013 Request for assistance for aerial FF means was made on 05 August 2013. -HR offered 2 FF airplanes that were deployed for two days. CENTRAL EUROPE Floods May – June 2013 - ERC served as information hub, providing an up-to-date overview of the situation Europe-wide - ERC provided Satellite Images of affected areas to PS BULGARIA-Syrian refugees -BG requested assistance in relation with Syrian refugees in the country - AT, HU, SK, LV, SI provided assistance in form of camp related items (jerry cans, cutleries, towels, bed linen, blankest, mattresses, beds). HR awarded assistance in Jan 2014. ERCC LO deployed with DG HOME in BG, GR, Cy to assess situation PORTUGAL Forest Fire 29.08. – 05.09.2013 Request for assistance for aerial FF means was made on 29 08.2013. -HR offered 2 FF airplanes that were deployed until 3 SEPT - Bilateral offers: FR(3 FF airplanes) and ES(2 FF airplanes) LEBANON Syrian Refugees Request for assistance was made on 14 May 2013. - An EU CP team was deployed from 06 to 13 June to evaluate refugee needs on-site - Subsequent request for NFIs remains active on CECIS NIGERIA Floods Preparedness Mission 13.08. – 22.08.2013 Request for technical assistance was received on 01 July 2013. - An EU Civil Protection Team of 5 expterts + 1 ERC Liaison Officer + 1 UNDAC associate member was deployed Philippines –Typhoon HAIYAN 08.11.2013-ongoing - Request for assistance was sent by PHL to UN. Based on RFA EUCPM deployed 3 EUCPT's with a total of 22 experts and 3 LO's, and 1 maritime pollution expert associated to UNEP/UNOCHA env mission. - Offers were received from 26 EUCP PS consisting in financial or inkind assistance ina total value of 134 mil eur. - EU also awarded 20 mil euro for humanitarian operations and development - 3.57 mil euro were awarded by EUCPM as support to the MS(BE, FR, DE, IT, SE, UK, ) for transport of the in-kind assistance MYANMAR Tropical Cyclone 12.05. – 16.05.2013 - In expectance of Tropical Cyclone Mahasen the UN triggered an UNDAC alert.. - An EU CP expert was selected to join the UNDAC mission. - The mission was cancelled after the cyclone changed path KENYA Airport Fire Assessment Mission 14.08. – 20.08.2013 Request for assistance made to the UN on 09 August 2013. - An EU CP expert was selected to join the UNEP/OCHA team on an environmental impact assessment mission. NEPAL Fact Finding Mission 29.04. – 04.05.2013 - A team consisting of 1 EEAS staff, 2 ECHO staff, 1 ERC Liaison Officer and 2 CP experts from PS was deployed on 29 April 2013 to elaborate a preparedness plan to assist EU citizens in case of a disaster striking Nepal. MADAGASCAR Environmental Hazard Assessment Mission 06.04. – 16.04.2013 Request for assistance made to the UN on 20 February 2013. - An EU CP expert was selected to join the UNEP/OCHA team on an environmental impact assessment mission. Monitoring status: South Sudan-Internal conflict (25.12.2013- ongoing); Europe-Severe Weather N Europe (05.12.2013-ongoing); Italy-Floods Sardinia (19-27.11.2013); Europe- Storm Christian-Jude(28.10-06.11.2013); India TC PHAILIN-13 (13-23.10.2013); China – TC USAGI-13 (21-27.09.2013); Solomon Islands – Earthquake (06.02.2013); Russian Federation – Meteorite (15.02.2013); France – Heavy Snowfall (11.03.2013); Iceland – Volcanic Activity (26.03.2013); Iran – Earthquake (09.04. and 16.042013); China – Earthquake (20.04.2013); Italy – Earthquake (21.06.2013); France – Train Accident (12. 07.2013); Syria – Civil Unrest (on going); Turkey – Syrian Refugees ; Pre-alert (early warning message) status: Central African Republic- Crisis (15.12.2013-ongoing), France – Chemical Accident (22.01.2013); Italy – Earthquake (21.06-06.07.2013); France-train Accident/ traffic (12.07.2013)

Žled 2014 – Pomoč Sloveniji preko mehanizma Unije na področju civilne zaščite Slovenija prvič zaprosila za mednarodno pomoč prek mehanizma Unije (2. 2. 2014) pomoč prejeli iz 11 držav (prek mehanizma in bilateralno), največ iz Avstrije in Nemčije skupaj prejeli 172 agregatov Sodelovalo 644 reševalcev/tehničnega osebja iz tujine (3.-28. februar 2014, nastanjeni enoti ICZR v Logatcu)

Žled 2014 – Pomoč Sloveniji preko mehanizma Unije na področju civilne zaščite

Nov mehanizem Unije za civilno zaščito (2014) Sklep Parlamenta in Sveta o mehanizmu Unije za civilno zaščito (z dne 17. 12. 2013) Veljavnost od 1. januarja 2014

Mehanizem Unije na področju civilne zaščite Preventiva – člena 5 in 6 Preambula Sklepa o mehanizmu unije (točka 8): Za zaščito pred nesrečami je najpomembnejša preventiva in na tem področju so potrebne nadaljnje dejavnosti Mehanizem Unije bi moral vključevati splošni okvir politike v zvezi z dejavnostmi Unije za preventivo tveganj za nesreče, da bi s preprečevanjem ali zmanjševanjem posledic ter spodbujanjem preventivne kulture zagotovili višjo raven zaščite pred nesrečami in odpornosti proti njim, pri čemer bi bilo treba ustrezno upoštevati verjetne posledice podnebnih sprememb in potrebo po ustreznih prilagoditvenih dejavnostih. Ocene tveganja, načrtovanje za obvladovanje tveganja in ocene zmožnosti obvladovanja tveganja, ki jih posamezne države članice pripravijo na nacionalni ali ustrezni podnacionalni ravni in pri katerih po potrebi sodelujejo druge ustrezne službe, ter pregled tveganj, pripravljen na ravni Unije, in medsebojni pregledi so v tem pogledu bistveni za zagotovitev celostnega pristopa k obvladovanju nesreč, saj združujejo dejavnosti na področju preventive, pripravljenosti in odziva.

Mehanizem Unije na področju civilne zaščite Preventiva – člena 5 in 6 Več poudarka na preventivi: izdelava nacionalnih ocen tveganj in priprava pregleda na EU ravni izboljšanje načrtovanja za obvladovanje tveganj ocena zmožnosti za obvladovanje tveganj (podpora ukrepom za izboljšanje preventive in pripravljenosti) Posebni cilji (3.a člen) visoka raven zaščite pred nesrečami s preprečevanjem ali zmanjševanjem njihovih morebitnih posledic, spodbujanjem preventivne kulture in izboljšanjem sodelovanja med službami civilne zaščite in drugimi pristojnimi službami;

Mehanizem Unije na področju civilne zaščite Preventiva – člen 6a (ocene tveganj in poročanje) priprava ocen tveganj na nacionalni in ustrezni podnacionalni ravni (na podlagi EU smernic, 2011) poročanje Evropski komisiji (povzetek pomembnih elementov ocen tveganj) do 22. 12. 2015, nato na tri leta Smernice EK o izdelavi in prikazovanju ocen tveganj (2010)

Mehanizem Unije na področju civilne zaščite Preventiva – člen 6 Mehanizem Unije na področju civilne zaščite Preventiva – člen 6.b (načrtovanje) Člen 6.b: Pripraviti in izpopolniti načrtovanje za obvladovanje tveganj na nacionalni in ustrezni podnacionalni ravni

Mehanizem Unije na področju civilne zaščite Preventiva – člen 6.c Evropski komisiji predložiti oceno svoje zmožnosti obvladovanja tveganja (risk management capability) na nacionalni ustrezni podnacionalni ravni poročanje: vsaka tri leta po dokončanju ustreznih smernic, t.j prvič 22. 12. 2017, in ko pride do večjih sprememb Smernice na podlagi člena 5.f (pripravi Komisija in v sodelovanju z DČ do 22. 12. 2014): Smernice o vsebini, metodologiji in strukturi ocen zmožnosti obvladovanj tveganj

Mehanizem Unije na področju civilne zaščite Preventiva – zmožnost obvladovanja tveganj Definicija (člen 4, točka 8) zmožnosti obvladovanja tveganj: Sposobnost/zmožnost države članice ali njenih regij za zmanjšanje, prilagoditev in ublažitev tveganj, ugotovljenih v njenih ocenah tveganja - tehnične, finančne in upravne zmogljivosti za pripravo ustreznih: ocen tveganja načrtovanja za obvladovanje tveganj za preventivo in pripravljenost ukrepov za preprečevanje/preventivo pred tveganji in pripravljenost

Mehanizem Unije na področju civilne zaščite Preventiva – člen 6.d države prostovoljno sodelujejo pri medsebojnih pregledih ocenjevanja zmožnosti obvladovanja tveganja

Aktivnosti Evropske komisije (1) – člen 5 omogoča in spodbuja izmenjavo znanj, najboljših praks in informacij, dostopa do posebnih znanj in izvedenskih mnenj o vprašanjih skupnega interesa, vključno s prostovoljnimi medsebojnimi pregledi; pripravi in redno posodablja medsektorski pregled ter prikaz tveganj za naravne nesreče in nesreče, ki jih povzroči človek, s katerimi bi se lahko soočila Unija, pri čemer uporabi usklajen pristop na področjih različnih politik, na katerih je mogoče obravnavati preventivo pred nesrečami ali vplivati nanjo, ter ustrezno upošteva verjetne posledice podnebnih sprememb; do 22. decembra 2014 skupaj z državami članicami pripravi smernice o vsebini, metodologiji in strukturi ocen zmožnosti za obvladovanje tveganj; spodbuja uporabo različnih skladov Unije, ki jih je mogoče nameniti za trajnostno preventivo pred nesrečami, države članice in regije pa spodbuja, naj izkoristijo tovrstne možnosti financiranja;

Aktivnosti Evropske komisije (2) – člen 5 poudarja pomen preventive tveganj in podpira države članice pri ozaveščanju in obveščanju javnosti ter izobraževanju spodbuja preventivne ukrepe v državah članicah in tretjih državah iz člena 28 z izmenjavo dobrih praks ter olajševanjem dostopa do specifičnih znanj in izvedenskih mnenj o vprašanjih skupnega interesa v tesnem sodelovanju z državami članicami izvede dodatne podporne in dopolnilne preventivne dejavnosti, ki so potrebne za dosego cilja iz točke (a) člena 3(1) Komisija lahko na zahtevo države članice, tretje države ali Združenih narodov ali njihovih agencij na teren pošlje strokovno ekipo, ki svetuje o preventivnih ukrepih.

Ocena zmožnosti za obvladovanje tveganj - Risk managemnt capability Smernice za izdelavo ocen zmožnosti za obvladovanje tveganj – pripravi EK (rok 22. 12. 2014) Seminar na temo ocene zmožnosti za obvladovanje tveganj, Rim, 15.-16. julij 2014 (obravnava na delovni skupini Sveta PROCIV) Sklepi Sveta o ocenjevanju zmožnosti za obvladovanje tveganj (sprejetje: Svet za pravosodje in notranje zadeve, 10. 10. 2014) – podlaga za pripravo smernic 3 posvetovalni sestanki, prvi 7. 10. 2014 Sprotno informiranje resorjev o procesu priprave smernic za ocenjevanje zmožnosti za obvladovanje tveganj in drugih aktualnih zadevah

Roki in merjenje napredka/evalvacija do 22. 12. 2014: Smernice o vsebini, metodologiji in strukturi ocen zmožnosti obvladovanj tveganj – pripravi Komisija v sodelovanju z državami članicami do 22. 12. 2015 poročanje Evropski komisiji (povzetek pomembnih elementov ocen tveganj), nato na tri leta do 22. 12. 2017 predložiti oceno svoje zmožnosti obvladovanja tveganja na nacionalni in ustrezni podnacionalni ravni, nato vsaka tri leta oz. ob večjih spremembah Za spremljanje, evalvacijo in pregled uporabe tega sklepa se uporabljajo kazalniki: (a) napredek pri izvajanju okvirnih dejavnosti za preventivno pred nesrečami: merjen s številom držav članic, ki so Komisiji predložile povzetek svoje ocene tveganja in oceno svoje zmožnosti obvladovanja tveganj iz člena 6;

Zaključek – pomen preventive in celostnega pristopa k obvladovanju nesreč Mehanizem Unije na področju civilne zaščite (Sklep št. 1313/2013/EU Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 17. decembra 2013 o mehanizmu Unije na področju civilne zaščite) Partnerski sporazum med RS in Evropsko komisijo za črpanje sredstev iz Evropskih strukturnih in investicijskih skladov v obdobju 2014–2020 (predhodne pogojenosti – ex ante conditionalities ) Solidarnostni sklad Evropske unije (Uredba Sveta (ES) št. 2012/2002 o ustanovitvi Solidarnostnega sklada Evropske unije) – spremembe uredbe, 2013 Ključno: sodelovanje vseh resorjev za zagotavljanje celovitega pristopa k obvladovanju tveganj (preventivne dejavnosti vključiti v vse sektorske politike in jih izvajati)

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