THE FIRST AMENDMENT

Six Big Ideas: Constitution The Six Big Ideas are: limited government republicanism checks and balances federalism separation of powers popular sovereignty

What are civil liberties? The freedoms we have to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair treatment 3

Forty-Five Important Words The First Amendment “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.” 4

What five basic freedoms does the 1st Amendment protect? Question: What five basic freedoms does the 1st Amendment protect? 5

6

What does the 1st amendment prohibit Congress from doing concerning religion? Congress cannot establish an official religion in the United States The Establishment Clause 7

What else does it protect concerning religion? Guarantees Americans the right to practice their faith as they wish Free-Exercise Clause They may not favor one religion over another or treat people differently because of their personal beliefs 8

As students, it’s important to know your religious rights in school. Students & Religion As students, it’s important to know your religious rights in school. You are free to pray alone or in groups, as long as the activity is not disruptive and does not infringe upon the rights of others. As long as it is not disruptive, disrespectful of the rights of other students, and does not pressure or coerce others, you can exercise your faith. Schools cannot organize religious activities. This includes making students pray. 9

REMEMBER: The government cannot force you to believe in any religion. Everybody has the right to practice the faith they believe in, when and where they want to. Thanks for the First Amendment, we are all guaranteed the freedom of religion. KNOW YOUR RIGHTS!!!!!! 10

Freedom of Speech Free speech is the liberty to speak and express one’s opinions. It is the right to express ideas, information, opinions, etc. with very limited government restrictions. 11

What types of communications are protected under freedom of speech? Face to face Internet communication Art Music Clothing 12

Think… Free speech includes the right to criticize public officials, politicians, religious leaders, and public and corporate policies. Without this right a democratic nation could not survive. 13

Name some of the limits to freedom of speech. Do not have the freedom to provoke a riot Cannot speak or write in a way that leads immediately to criminal activities or efforts to overthrow the government by force May not spread lies that harm a person’s reputation May not interfere with the rights of others 14

11. What are the two ways someone can spread lies about someone else? Slander = spreading spoken lies Libel = printed lies 15

Meaning? "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it". Commonly attributed to Voltaire 16

Class Activity Write a PARAGRAPH explaining why FREEDOM OF SPEECH is important to a DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY, and a second paragraph explaining why freedom of speech is important TO YOU:

Freedom of the Press What does press and media include? Books Newspapers Magazines Radio Television Internet 18

How does freedom of press limit the government? The government cannot practice censorship. It cannot ban printed materials or films merely because they contain alarming or offensive ideas 19

The press is often called “the fourth branch of government The press is often called “the fourth branch of government.” It helps to keep the other three branches in check. Without a free press, this would not be possible, and the democratic conditions we enjoy in the United States, would not exist. 20

Class Activity Write a “letter to the Editor” expressing YOUR OPINION on some subject important to you. I will choose some of these (anonymously) to READ and which we can DISCUSS in class

What rights are covered by the freedom of assembly? Protects our right to gather in groups for any reason, so long as the assemblies are peaceful. They can make rules about when and where, but cannot ban them. We also have the right to form and join social clubs, political parties, and labor unions. 22

23

Life without Freedom of Assembly People would not be allowed to peacefully gather in large groups without permission It would be harder to protest opinions and use the other freedoms guaranteed in the first amendment 24

9. What does freedom of petition allow the citizens to do? The right to express one’s idea to the government. Petition = formal document 25

26

Life Without Freedom of Petition People could be penalized for political views and beliefs. People would be unable to communicate with their senators and congressmen 27

Harry S. Truman, 1950 “In a free country we punish men for crimes they commit but never for the opinions they have.” 28

Although we have many individual freedoms, whose rights come first? The rights of the community / society Otherwise, the society would break apart – “My right to swing my fist ends where your nose begins” 29