Americans Move West.

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Presentation transcript:

Americans Move West

What opportunities and conflicts emerged as Americans moved westward? Essential Question What opportunities and conflicts emerged as Americans moved westward?

1. What mood or emotions does the melody or lyrics evoke? Home on the Range Oh, give me a home where the buffalo roam, Where the deer and the antelope play, Where seldom is heard a discouraging word, And the skies are not cloudy all day. Chorus Home, home on the range, How often at night when the heavens are bright, With the light of the glittering stars, I stood there amazed and I asked as I gazed, Does their glory exceed that of ours. 1. What mood or emotions does the melody or lyrics evoke? 2. What region of the country do you think this song is referring to? How can you tell? 3. Do you think the settlement of this region had a more positive effect or a more negative effect on the person or people who wrote this song? How can you tell? 4. Do you think the settlement of this region had the same effect on all the different groups of people who lived there? Why or why not?

Miners and Ranchers

Miners 1848: John Sutter and his sawmill on the American River Discovered gold and thousands of migrants flocked to CA By Spring 1849: 40,000 people overland 40,000 steamships 1850-1860 CA population: 93,000 to 380,000 By early 1850s, most gold had been mined. Individual prospectors gave way to large mining companies that use hydraulic machines that washed away hillsides, damaged the habits, polluted rivers, and left behind piles of debris

Ranchers and Cowboys Cattle ranching Started with Mexican vaqueros Post-Civil War, demand for beef in eastern cities had risen ($5 in TX vs. $40 in East) Working as a team, white, black and Mexican Americans worked together as cowboys

Railroads Open the West to Settlement 1861: Central Pacific Railroad Co. started by the “big four” Leland Stanford, Mark Hopkins, C.P. Huntington, Charles Crocker The South’s secession and Civil War led Congress to approve uniting CA and OR with the rest of the Union

Transcontinental Railroad Completed 1869 Pacific Railroad Act (1862) authorized the Union Pacific Railroad to lay out tracks westward from Omaha, Nebraska The Central Pacific Railroad lay track eastward from Sacramento

Indian Wars Shatter Tribal Cultures For many the railroad represented progress, but for Native Americans on the Great Plains, it threatened their existence In 1830 Indian Removal Act forced those east of Mississippi to move to OK territory This led to a clash of cultures Sand Creek Massacre 1864 Reservations: areas of federal land for an Indian tribe

mov’t to the reservations

1876- Battle of Little Bighorn “Custer’s Last Stand” federal forces hunted down and captured 3,000 Sioux warriors Settlement of the West was disastrous//many Native Americans died from violence, disease and poverty Gov’t policies aimed at assimilation, absorption of a group into the dominant culture 1887 Dawes Act: a tribe could no longer own reservation lands as a group, instead gov’t distributed land to individuals within a tribe

From this…

To this…

Primary Documents Moving West: Opportunities and Challenges Miners Transcontinental Railroad Workers Settlers Ranchers, Cowboys & Cowhands Native Americans