Respiratory System

Root Words

Respiratory System Obtain oxygen and remove carbon dioxide Regulates water and air temp Produce vocal sounds Regulates blood pH level

Diaphragm Large muscle in your chest cavity that contracts and relaxes Acts like a vacuum, pulls air in and pushes it out

Breathing Mechanisms Inspiration Process of inhaling and breathing in air Diaphragm contracts, causing air to flow into lungs

Breathing Mechanisms Expiration Process of exhaling or breathing out air Diaphragm relaxes, forcing air out of lungs

Organs of Respiratory System Nose, Nasal Cavity Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchial Tree Lungs

Nose and Nasal Cavity Hallowed cavity that allows air to enter/leave Prevents large particles to enter Composed of bones Nasal Septum and Nasal Conchae

Sinuses Air-filled space within the facial bones of the skull Mucous lined, helps reduce weight of the skull and affects quality of voice

Pharynx Aka the throat, passage way for food and for air Also produces speech sounds

Larynx Enlargement of muscles and cartilage at the top of the trachea. Conducts air in and out, prevents foreign objects from entering Also houses vocal cords

Larynx

Trachea Windpipe, extends anterior to esophagus toward the bronchi and lungs

Bronchial Tree Branched airways leading from trachea to air sacs in lungs, Left and Right Branch Lead to Bronchioles and to Alveolar

Bronchioles Smaller branches from which the Alveolar are attached

Alveolar Sac like bulbs at the end of brachial branch Surrounded by blood capillary networks

Gas Diffusion O2 diffuse out to the capillaries, CO2 diffuse into the alveoli Flow from High to Low concentrations

Factors that Affect Breathing Emotions and physical activity can alter normal breathing patterns Hyperventilation: Rapid and deep breathing, lowers blood CO2 levels

Gas exchange- Follow along? Atmospheric pressure at sea level is Patm=_______ mmHg (Mercury) FIO2= What the Inspired air made of? (%) Partial Pressure Oxygen is calculated: pO2= %O2 x 760mmHg How much oxygen are we breathing in? What is the Vapor Pressure in our body? What is the Partial Pressure Oxygen at Brachial Branch?

Use the Graph to answer How much partial pressure of Oxygen (pO2) are we breathing in at Ski Resort?