CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS UNIT - V MODERN MATERIALS Presented by, G.BAIRAVI AP/Civil

GLASS Glass is any substance or mixture of substances that has solidified from the liquid state without crystailization. Glass may also be defined as a hard, brittle, tranparent or transluscent material chiefly compound of silica combined with the varying proportions of oxides of sodium, potassium calcium, magnesia, iron and other materials. Glass is an amorphous substance having a homogeneous texture. Types: Soda- lime glass Potash- lime glass Potash- lead glass Common glass

GLASS

CERAMICS Ceramics refer to polycrystalline materials and products formed by baking natural clays and mineral admixtures at a high temperature and also by sintering oxides of various metals and inorganic substances having high melting point. Applications: As superconducting materials In sonar devices etc… Classification: 1.Silicates 2.Glasses 3.Limes 4.Cements

SEALANTS FOR JOINTS Modern commercial buildings really heavily on joint sealants to prevent water damage to the building and contents. While residential buildings use water shedding techniques like sloped roofs, lap siding And overlapping flashing. USES: Around door and window frames Concrete paving joints Metal flashings Roof joints Seismic movement joints

REFRACTORIES It is a ceramic materials of specific nature which are capable of withstanding high temperatures. Commercial refratories. It is one of the most widely used refractories is based on alumina-silica composition, varying from nearly pure silica to nearly pure alumina. Other common refractories are silica, magnesite, forsterite, dolomite, silicon carbide and zircon. It is the ability of a material to withstand the action of heat without appreciable deformation or softening. Refractoriness of a material is measured by its melting point.

REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE Concrete has a compressive strength but poor tensile strength. It is liable to crack when subjected to tension. Hence to provide sufficient tensile strength, reinforcements in the form of steel bars are provided. The combination of concrete and steel reinforcement results in a material known as reinforced cement concrete(RCC). The ingredients of RCC are 1.cement 2.fine aggregate 3.coarse aggregate 4.water 5.reinforcement

LAMINATES It is a materials and also referred as laminates are layered composites made-up of many laminae lamina also known as a ply or a layer is very thin, about 0.1mm to 1mm thick. A few examples of common laminates are 1.plywood 2.sheet moulding compounds. 3.bulk moulding compounds. 4.Linoieum 5.Tufnol.

APPLICATION OF LAMINAR COMPOSITES Space vehicles and textiles Aircrafts Rockets Automobiles Pressure vessels and heat exchangers Building constructions Machine components Electronic and computer components

FIBRE TEXTILES Textile fibre has some characteristics which differ between fibre to textile fibre. Textile fibre can be sp

FIBRES

PLYWOOD It is a sheet material manufactured from thin layers or "plies" of wood veneer that are glued together with adjacent layers having their wood grain rotated up to 90 degrees to one another.

GEOMEMBRANES A geomembrane is very low permeability synthetic membrane liner or barrier used with any geotechnical engineering related material so as to control fluid (or gas) migration in a human-made project, structure, or system.

CLAY PRODUCTS Clay is a fine-grained natural rock or soil material that combines one or more clay minerals with traces of metal oxides and organic matter. Clays are plastic due to their water content and become hard, brittle and non–plastic upon drying

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