Visualization of Web Search Results in 3D Seminar Presentation Visualization of Web Search Results in 3D Kotaiah Choudary R 9/22/2018

Overview Challenges in present web search scenario What is information visualization Why we need visualization How visualization tools help in web search Different visualization tools Case study :NIRVE,a 3D visualization tool 9/22/2018

Internet Evolution Users Growth Past users : only experts Current users : all people Growth Before 1993 : Increasing linearly After 1993 : Doubled per every 3 months 9/22/2018

How typical search engine works? When user enters a query ,search engine will search the database for documents matching with the keywords. Search engine ranks the documents based upon some ranking algorithm . Eg:no of occurrences of words, links to other pages. Search engine shows all the documents using these ranks. 9/22/2018

Do web search results are page relevant? billions GG=Google, ATW=AllTheWeb, INK=Inktomi , TMA=Teoma, AV=AltaVista http://www.firstmonday.dk/issues/issue3_10/coffman/ 9/22/2018

What is Information Visualization? The use of computer-supported, interactive, visual representations of abstract data to amplify cognition. It joins the human’s capacity of visual thinking and the computer’s capacity of analytical computing, thereby building a bi-directional visual and interactive interface between human user and the information resources 9/22/2018

Why We Need to Visualize Text ? Language only hints at meaning. Most meaning of text lies within our minds and common understanding. Text consists of abstract concepts which are difficult to visualize. Eg:graph Text represents similar concepts in many different ways. Eg:space ship, flying saucer 9/22/2018

Why Visualization in Web Search? Exploring information collections becomes increasingly difficult as the volume grows high. With minimal effort, the human visual system can process a large amount of information in a parallel manner. 9/22/2018

Why Visualization in Web Search? Cont.. The occurrence of advanced graphical software and hardware enables the large-scale visualization and the direct manipulation of interfaces 9/22/2018

Goals of Information Visualization Relieve the cognitive overload Size & Scalability User interaction Speed from slow reading to faster visual perception Insight not pictures understanding and creating knowledge 9/22/2018

Where We Locate Visualization Tools At the Web Search engine A web search engine will give the results in visualization mode. Eg: TEOMA, Vivisimo,etc… At the user system Use a special Visualization Tool to browse the search engine and give the results back in the visual mode. Eg: NIRVE, Periscope etc… 9/22/2018

How Typical Visualization Tool Works? Visualization tool takes set of key words from user and gives to search engine Search engine gives results to visualization tool as one ENTRY per document In each ENTRY Document title,Relevance score, Document rank ,Document length , URL is there Creates concepts by taking some combinations of frequent words Do Text clustering by using concepts Displays all Clusters & Documents by using some visualization technique 9/22/2018

Visualization Techniques for Web Search Textual Represent clusters linearly No graphical interfaces required Eg:TEOMA,Vivisimo,etc.. 2D approach Represents all clusters with relationships between them by 2D graphical interfaces Structures used in 2D approach : Hierarchical trees,histograms,etc.. 3D approach Represents all clusters with relationships between them by 3D graphical interfaces Structures used in 3D approach : Cone trees,etc Eg:NIRVE,PeriScope,AltaVista 9/22/2018

Textual Visualization Technique Eg:TEOMA 9/22/2018

3D Visualization Technique 9/22/2018

2D Visualization Technique 9/22/2018

What is NIRVE (NIST Information Retrieval Visualization Engine ) It is a post-processor for NIST's PRISE [ZPRISE] search engine It is a 3-dimensional interface designed to enhance the information retrieval process by providing an overview of a set of text documents as well as access to the details of the individual documents through seamless user navigation and manipulation NIRVE has interactive 3D graphics techniques , used to help the user comprehend and filter result sets 9/22/2018

Features of NIRVE Graphical summary of result set of search, with details on demand Map keywords into user-specified concepts Concept can be computed as union (OR) or intersection (AND) of its constituent keywords Automatic clustering of documents, based on their concept profile Cluster icons arranged on sphere or 2D surface; better clusters near the "North Pole“ 9/22/2018

Features of NIRVE cont… Relationship among clusters illustrated by color-coded arcs representing set-difference User can mark documents and clusters as good / bad / unsure and apply display filter to result set User can open a cluster to view constituent document titles, arranged according to title similarity and score assigned by search engine 9/22/2018

Working With NIRVE Users can use various features of NIRVE by using 3 windows NIRVE Control It is a "menu" window used for overall control and mode-setting. Document Space It contains the main display of icons representing the selected documents, and clusters thereof Concept Control It allow the user to consolidate the keywords used in the query into a smaller set of concepts. 9/22/2018

NIRVE Control Document Space Recycle,tire,dump,landfill,environmental, protection,agency,pollution,contamination 9/22/2018

Concept Control It allow the user to consolidate the keywords used in the query into a smaller set of concepts Creation or change or deletion of concepts (at the NIRVE control menu) Use of UNUSED (at document space menu) Change of keyword from one concept to another. 9/22/2018

Implementation of NIRVE Control menu managed by Tcl/Tk software . Tcl/Tk is a Tool Command Language/Tool Kit. Combination of a scripting language (TCL) and a widget tool kit (TK) that allows the rapid creation of portable GUI programs. Graphical windows managed by OpenGL. OpenGL is a widely used 3-D graphics library. Graphical windows &control menu connected by Xlib . Xlib is a library of functions for displaying text and graphics and receiving input through (possibly remote) servers attached to displays and input devices. 9/22/2018

Conclusion The utility of visualization techniques derives in large part from their ability to reduce mental workload. Refinement of search is possible The user can manipulate the retrieval set interactively while maintaining context. User experience also influence performance. Assessing relations are based on statistical properties of term and/or document occurrence data Visualization techniques are also not satisfactory,For very large amounts of documents(several thousands). 9/22/2018