City-States to Empire…

City City States- walled cities

City Center-Ziggurat

POLYtheisim- worship of many Gods Theocracy- govenrment controlled by religious leaders

Epic of Gilgamesh- World’s Oldest Story

EMPIRE Large territory where several groups of people are ruled by a single powerful leader or government

King Sargon-established 1st empire- AKKAD Strong King, skilled general Defeated the king of Uruk and then controlled all of Mesoptamia Akkad ruled Sumer- but they still maintained irrigation systems and cuneiform

Stele: stone slab on which a picture is carved

Victory Stele- created to celebrate military victory of Sargon’s grandson

Hammurabi- King of Babylon

Code of Hammurabi

Ashurbanipal- King of Assyria North of Babylon Fierce warriors- advanced weapons and military equipment Used horses and iron weapons in battle “Siege Machine”

Chaldea/ Babylonia King Nebuchadnezzar expanded empire Built inner and outer walls around the city of Babylon with moats and guard towers Fierce warriors, cruel to defeated peoples

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

Persian Empire Land we now call Iran (east of the Zagros Mountains) Expanded to include all of Mesopotamia, Anatolia (modern-day Turkey), Cannaan (Israel), Egypt, India and parts of Europe Cyrus was the 1st leader, then Alexander the Great