Chapter 5 Lesson 2 Mr. Martin Nutrients Chapter 5 Lesson 2 Mr. Martin

You’ll Learn To Describe the functions of the six basic nutrients in maintaining health. Demonstrate knowledge of nutrients in a variety of foods. Analyze the relationship between good nutrition and disease prevention.

Vocabulary Carbohydrates Fiber Proteins Lipid Vitamins Minerals Water

Nutrients The human body needs nutrients to survive. These nutrients are classified into six groups: Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Vitamins Minerals Water

Carbs Carbs are the starches and sugars found in foods. Provides 4 calories per gram. Nutritionists recommend 55-60 percent of all calories come from Carbs.

Simple and Complex Carbs Simple are sugars Complex are starches and are found in grains, pasta, breads, nuts, seeds, beans.

Role of Carbs Carbs are converted into glucose. Glucose in a simple sugar that is the body’s main source of fuel. Glucose that is not used by the body right away is called glycogen. It is stored in muscles and liver.

Fiber Fiber is an ingestible product that is found in fruits and vegetables. Helps keep digestive track clean and healthy! Fiber helps reduce the chance of cancers and cv-disease. Eat some fiber everyday.

Fats Fats are called lipids. Fats are not water soluble. Fats provide 9 calories per gram. (Negative?) The body needs fat to survive. Saturated and Unsaturated Fat. Saturated are solid at room temp. Unsaturated are liquids at room temp.

Role of Fats Provides energy. Transfers vitamins into the blood. Helps skin look healthy. Helps you grow. Helps foods taste better. Consume no more than 20-30% of calories from fat.

One Pound of Fat = 3500 calories

Proteins Proteins are nutrients that help build and maintain body cells and tissues. Proteins also help the body make enzymes, hormones, and antibodies. Enzymes control rate of chemical reactions. Hormones regulate activities in cells. Antibodies help destroy disease-causing organisms. Proteins provide 4 calories per gram.

Complete & Incomplete Proteins Complete contain all 9 essential amino acids. Found in meat, fish, poultry, dairy and soybean products. Incomplete proteins lack one or more of the 9 essential amino acids. Sources: beans, peas, nuts, and whole grains. Rice and beans, peanut butter and bread.

Cholesterol CHL is a waxy lipid like substance that circulates in the blood. Makes cell membranes, nerve tissue, produces hormones, and bile. Bile helps break down fats in the digestive system.

Cholesterol Losing excess weight can lower CHL levels. Excess CHL can build in the arteries and cause heart disease. (Heart Attack) CHL can be hereditary and increases with age. Fatty diets can lead to increased chl. Dietary CHL is found in animal products, egg yolks, meats, and high fat milk. Losing excess weight can lower CHL levels.

Vitamins Vitamins are compounds that help regulate many vital body processes, including digestion, absorption, and metabolism of other nutrients.

Minerals Minerals are substances that the body cannot make but are needed for forming healthy bones and teeth and for regulating many vital body functions.

Water Water is vital to every body function. Transports nutrients to cells Carries waste away from cells Lubricates joints Allows for swallowing Digest food Eliminate wastes

What Do You Think? If you eat healthy as a child, teenager will you eat healthy as an adult?