Chapter 2: Taking Charge of your Health Lesson 1: Building Health Skills

You can develop skills that will help you manage your health throughout your life.

Learning Health Skills Health skills help you manage your health. Health skills are also called life skills, because once you’ve developed these skills, you can use them throughout your life to stay healthy.

Learning Health Skills You will have opportunities to practice health skills throughout the rest of the book. Health skills Specific tools and strategies to maintain, protect, and improve all aspects of your health

Learning Health Skills The Health Skills Communication Refusal Conflict Resolution Accessing Information Analyzing Influences Practicing Healthful Behaviors Stress Management Advocacy Decision Making Goal Setting

Communication Skills Good communication is a vital health skill. Communication is more than just talking.

Communication Skills Interpersonal communication Three health skills—interpersonal communication, refusal skills, and conflict resolution—deal with how you give and receive information. Interpersonal communication The exchange of thoughts, feelings, and beliefs between two or more people

listening closely to others. Communication Skills Communication helps you build strong relationships with others. It involves: choosing your words and expressions carefully to clearly say what you really mean. listening closely to others.

Interpersonal Communication Skills Use “I” messages to express your feelings. Communicate with respect and care. Be an active listener. You can use these methods to strengthen your interpersonal communication skills.

Communication Skills – Refusal skills These refusal strategies can help you say no to potentially harmful activities.

What You Can Do Refusal skills Developing strong refusal skills helps you say no firmly, respectfully, and effectively. Refusal skills Communication strategies that can help you say no when you are urged to take part in behaviors that are unsafe or unhealthful, or that go against your values

Conflict-Resolution Skills Conflict resolution skills can help people resolve problems in ways that are agreeable to everyone involved. Conflict resolution The process of ending a conflict through cooperation and problem solving

Accessing Information Use reliable sources of health information. Knowing how to find and evaluate health information will help you make decisions that benefit your well-being.

Accessing Information To decide whether health information is valid, determine the reliability of the group or individual sharing the information.

Accessing Information To decide whether health information is valid, determine the reliability of the group or individual sharing the information. Valid sources of health information Internet sites from government agencies and professional health organizations Health care providers and professionals Recently published material written by respected, well-known science and health professionals Parents, guardians, and other trusted adults

Analyzing Influences Understanding what influences you helps you to make more healthful choices.

Analyzing Influences The more aware you are of the various influences in your life and how they affect you, the better able you are to make informed choices about your health.

Your Family and Culture Analyzing Influences Influences on Your Health Personal Values Perceptions Your Family and Culture Friends and Peers Personal Beliefs Curiosity/Fears Media and Technology School and Community

Analyzing Influences These positive behaviors can contribute to all aspects of your health.

Analyzing Influences These positive behaviors can contribute to all aspects of your health.

Self-Management Skills Practicing healthy habits will protect your health. When you practice healthy behaviors and manage stress, you act in ways that protect your health and promote your well-being.

Self-Management Skills Self-management means taking charge of your own health. These are self- management skills: Practicing Healthful Behaviors Managing Stress

Self-Management Skills Exercising, relaxation, and managing time efficiently are some effective ways to manage stress. Stress The reaction of the body and mind to everyday challenges and demands

Self-Management Skills Stress is a normal part of life, but too much unrelieved stress can lead to illnesses. That’s why it’s important to learn stress-management skills. Stress management skills Skills that help you reduce and manage stress in your life

Advocacy lets you share your health knowledge. Participating in advocacy activities allows you to encourage others to practice healthful behaviors.

Advocacy Advocacy allows you to share health knowledge and promote healthful behaviors. Advocacy Taking action to influence others to address a health-related concern or to support a health-related belief

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary Define the term health skills. Health skills are tools and strategies used to maintain, protect, and improve all aspects of your health.

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary What are two interpersonal communication skills that can reduce your health risk? Conflict resolution and refusal skills

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary What is advocacy? Advocacy is any action that influences others to address a health-related concern or support a health-related belief.

Chapter 2 Lesson 2:Making Responsible decisions and setting goals

You can actively promote your well-being by making healthful choices and setting positive goals.

Decisions, Goals, and Your Health Achieving good health begins with making responsible decisions. Making decisions and setting goals means you’re taking responsibility in determining your life’s purpose and direction.

Decisions, Goals, and Your Health The freedom you gain as you grow older comes with more responsibility. For example, you may have to: Plan how to reach your goals. Make tough decisions. Set goals for yourself.

Decision Making Decision-making skills help you make successful, responsible choices. Developing good decision-making skills will help you make responsible choices that contribute to your health and quality of life.

Your Values The decisions you make reflect your personal values and the values of your family. Values The ideas, beliefs, and attitudes about what is important that help guide the way you live

Your Values Talk with family members about your decisions so they can give you helpful feedback.

The Decision-Making Process Good decision-making skills can help a person make responsible choices that contribute to health and quality of life. Decision-making skills Steps that enable you to make a healthful decision

The Decision-Making Process The HELP Strategy When weighing the options for any decision, asking yourself these questions: H (Healthful) Does this choice present any health risks? E (Ethical) Does this choice reflect what you value? L (Legal) Does this option violate any local, state, or federal laws? P (Parent Approval) Would your parents or guardians approve of this choice?

The Decision-Making Process Steps of the Decision-Making Process STEP 1 State the Situation. STEP 2 List the Options. STEP 3 Weigh the Possible Outcomes. STEP 4 Consider Values. STEP 5 Make a Decision and Act on It. STEP 6 Evaluate the Decision.

Goal Setting Working toward goals helps you achieve your hopes and dreams. Whether you reach your goals—and how successfully you reach them—depends on the plans you make now.

Goal Setting Just as you set life goals because you have dreams for the future, you also set goals for your health in order to stay well. Goals Those things that you aim for that take planning and work

Types of Goals Short-term goal Time is a consideration when you’re setting goals. A short-term goal can be accomplished fairly quickly. Short-term goal A goal that you can reach in a short period of time

Types of Goals Long-term goal A series of short-term goals can help you to achieve a long-term goal. Long-term goal A goal that you plan to reach over an extended period of time

Types of Goals Action plan To reach your goal, you need an action plan. This will help you turn your dreams into reality. Action plan A multi-step strategy to identify and achieve your goals

Types of Goals Developing an Action Plan Set a specific, realistic goal and write it down. List the steps you will take to reach your goal. Identify sources of help and support. Set a reasonable time frame for achieving your goal. Evaluate your progress by establishing checkpoints. Reward yourself for achieving your goal.

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary How can decision-making skills improve your health? Decision-making skills let you make responsible health decisions to protect you from harmful or unhealthful behaviors.

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary Why would you set a health goal? Health goals provide a direction for improving or maintaining your health.

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary Give an example of one short-term and one long-term goal related to improving physical fitness. Sample answers: Short-term goals may include walking 20 minutes per day this week or running a mile by one week from now; long-term goals may be to enter a 10k walk/race.

Lesson 3: Being a Health literate consumer Chapter 2 Lesson 3: Being a Health literate consumer

A health literate consumer carefully evaluates health products and services.

health consumer advertising comparison shopping warranty

Take Charge of Your Health You can learn to make good consumer choices. Being a smart shopper is especially important when it comes to making choices about health products and services.

Making Informed Choices It’s up to you, as a health consumer, to make informed buying decisions. Health consumer Someone who purchases or uses health products or services

Making Informed Choices Probably the most important influence you need to be aware of as a consumer is advertising. Advertising A written or spoken media message designed to interest consumers in purchasing a product or service

Making Informed Choices Being a health-literate consumer means being aware of and knowing how to evaluate hidden messages in advertising so you make informed purchasing decisions.

Evaluating Products Do some comparison shopping before you buy. There are two effective ways to sharpen your consumer skills when buying health products: Do some comparison shopping before you buy. Read product labels.

Product Labels The Product’s Name Its Intended Use Directions Warnings Labels give you important information about what a product contains. Its Intended Use Directions Warnings Manufacturer’s Information The Amount Active and Inactive Ingredients

Comparison Shopping Comparison shopping A second great tool for smart health consumers is comparison shopping. Comparison shopping Judging the benefits of different products by comparing several factors, such as quality, features, and cost

Comparison Shopping Cost and Quality Features Warranty Safety Here are some criteria to consider when judging health products and services. Cost and Quality Features Warranty Safety Other People’s Opinions Consumer Organization Product Ratings

Comparison Shopping Warranty Before buying an expensive product, ask about the warranty. Warranty A company’s or a store’s written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product doesn’t function properly

Evaluating Information and Services To evaluate health information or services, ask yourself these questions: Does this information come from a valid source? Does the service come from a respected provider? If the source is a Web site, who pays for the site? Is it a reputable organization? What is the purpose of the site?

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary Who is a health consumer? A health consumer is anyone who buys a health-related product or service.

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary How does comparison shopping make you a smart consumer? Sample answer: It allows you to get a good-quality product at a reasonable price; it allows you to identify and obtain the features in a product or service that you most want; it ensures that you are buying safe products.

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary Define warranty. A warranty is a written agreement to repair a product or refund your money if the product does not function properly.

Lesson 4: Managing Consumer problems Chapter 2 Lesson 4: Managing Consumer problems

Knowing how to handle consumer problems is an important skill to learn.

Resolving Consumer Problems Take action to correct consumer problems. Knowing how to handle consumer problems is an important skill to learn.

Resolving Consumer Problems When shopping for a product: Find out what the store’s return policy is before you make a purchase. If the product has a warranty, make sure you receive it and understand it. After you open the product, save the packaging, receipt, and warranty. If the product comes with instructions, read and follow them carefully. Assemble and use the product exactly the way it was designed to be assembled and used.

Resolving Consumer Problems Most products have instructions that tell you how to use them correctly.

Resolving Consumer Problems If you are using the product correctly and it isn’t working the way you expected: Read the warranty to learn how the manufacturer requires you to return it. Put the product back in its original packaging, and follow the manufacturer’s return instructions. You may be asked to write a letter describing the problem and requesting a replacement or your money back. Date your letter and keep a copy, along with the shipping receipt.

Resolving Consumer Problems If you are not satisfied with the response to your efforts, ask for help from one of the following organizations: Local, state, and federal government agencies The Better Business Bureau Consumer organizations

Resolving Consumer Problems Consumer organizations are also called consumer advocates. Consumer advocates People or groups whose sole purpose is to take on regional, national, and even international consumer issues

Resolving Consumer Problems Occasionally, health care professionals can be guilty of malpractice. Malpractice Failure by a health professional to meet accepted standards

Resolving Consumer Problems If you experience a serious problem with a health care professional, you can get help from the American Medical Association or a state licensing board.

Health Fraud Protect yourself from health fraud. You have the power and the responsibility to protect your health and well-being!

Health Fraud Health fraud Health fraud is often called quackery. Health fraud The sale of worthless products or services that claim to prevent disease or cure other health problems

Health Fraud You can consult a registered pharmacist if you have questions about a product’s health claims.

Health Fraud Secret Formula! Miracle Cure! Overnight Results! Look out for claims like the following: Secret Formula! Miracle Cure! Overnight Results! Offer Expires Soon! All Natural!

Health Fraud To protect yourself from health fraud, you can: Check out the claim with a doctor or other health professional Talk to family and friends to get their opinion. Check with the Better Business Bureau to see if there have been complaints about the product or service. Check with a professional health organization about a claim.

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary How do consumer advocates help you to be a better health consumer? Consumer advocates test products for safety and keep an eye out for health fraud.

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary What is malpractice? Malpractice is the failure of a health professional to meet accepted standards.

After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary Define health fraud. Health fraud is the sale of worthless products or services that claim to prevent disease or cure other health problems.