End of World War I 1914-18

                                                                   

                                                    

15 million dead 35 million casualties

“War to End All Wars” Nov. 11, 1918 – Armistice Cease-fire agreement while treaty was negotiated.

Paris Peace Conference Dec. 1918 – Wilson visits Europe BIG 4 – US, Great Britain, Italy and France. Soviet Union (Communist Russia) Excluded – Fear of Turmoil and Revolution.

Wilson’s Peace Plan “14 Points” 8 Points – Self Determination (States’ Right to Govern themselves)

Self Government means new countries 4 Empires Dissolved (Russian, Ottoman, German and Austria-Hungary split into 2) Creation of new countries – Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Poland and from Russia – Finland, Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania

Stop Causes of Modern War 14 Points Continued 5 Points – Stop Causes of Modern War Secret Diplomacy, Arms Race, Violations of Freedom of the Seas and trade barriers.

League of Nations Last Point – “General Assembly of Countries” Each member nation – one vote Try to resolve disputes peacefully.

Treaty Must be Ratified in the US Senate Irreconcilables – Reject the Treaty (League – Entangling Alliance) Reservationists – Want Treaty amended so that US can act independently Both groups feared being dragged into another war to defend other countries.

President Wilson Tour of Country – Near fatal stroke Would not compromise on League of Nations League of Nations created without the US U.S. signs independent treaty with the Central Powers – NOT T. of V.

1. Blame Germany for starting the war Germany punished like a BRAT for WWI… The main points of the Treaty [BRAT]   1.   Blame Germany for starting the war 2.   Reparations paid by Germany for the damage done during the war. 33 Billion!

Versailles BRAT cont. 3. Army – of Germany was restricted (forbidden to have submarines or an air force.) Small (defensive) Army.  

Versailles cont. 4Territory (land) Lost by Germany (see map). Germany’s colonies were given to Britain and France.

Section 4 American Doughboys return home to difficulty. Read 9-4. Complete G.R.A. and Content Vocabulary Activity 9.