Chapter 3 Lesson 3 The Middle Colonies

Vocabulary Patroon: landowner in the Dutch colonies who ruled over large areas of land Pacifist: people opposed to the use of war or violence to settle disputes landowner in the Dutch colonies who ruled over large areas of land Ethnic: of or relating to national, tribal, racial, religious, language, or cultural background

New York and New Jersey By 1660s there were two groups of colonies New England (in North) Virginia (in South) Area in between called “New Netherland” Main settlement was “New Amsterdam” on Manhattan Island Major transportation link/ Port area good for shipping Dutch West India Company controlled New Netherland

Settling New Netherland Wanted to increase population of area Offered large grants of land to anyone who could bring at least 50 settlers to work the land Called patroons Received these land grants Ruled like kings Had their own courts and laws

New Netherland becomes New York New Netherland was a Dutch Colony England wanted it. Claimed it should be theirs since John Cabot explored the area in the late 1400s. In 1664 England attacked the colony and it was surrendered without a fight. England’s King Charles gave the colony to his brother, the Duke of York, who renamed it New York.

New York New York Diverse population: Dutch, German, Swedish, and Native American Some of the Jewish faith (first Jews to settle N.A.) By 1664 New York had 8000 residents including 300 enslaved Africans One of the fastest growing colonies

New Jersey Duke of York divided his colony Gave southern portion to Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret The two named the colony (after the island of Jersey in England where Carteret was born) Attracted settlers with offers of large tracts of land and also promised freedom of religion, trial by jury and a representative government

New Jersey Diverse population like New York NJ becomes a royal colony of England by 1702 Colonists continue to make local laws

Pennsylvania and Delaware Founded by the Quakers A Protestant group that had been persecuted in England 1680- William Penn Wealthy English Quaker Received the land in payment for a debt King Charles owed Penn’s father Called the “holy experiment” A chance to put his Quaker ideals into practice

Quaker Beliefs “The society of friends” Everyone is equal People should follow their own inner light Pacifists- against fighting Philadelphia – means “Brotherly Love” Penn wrote PA constitution Paid Native Americans for the land

Pennsylvania Diverse: English, Welsh, Irish, Dutch and German settlers Charter of Privileges- grant right for settlers to vote for representatives to the legislature

Closure: What policies of Pennsylvania were reflected by the beliefs of the Quakers?