The Role of Religion in the Colonies The Middle Colonies The Role of Religion in the Colonies

New York 1664 New Jersey Originally part of New Netherlands Became English in 1664 Founded for land sales and religious freedom Given by James, Duke of York to friends Berkeley and Carteret Originally New Netherlands founded by the Dutch 1624 Taken by force for its trade routes & commerce Became English in 1664 Given to the James, Duke of York (later James II)

Pennsylvania 1682 Haven for Quakers, a peaceful religious group Penn insisted on also paying the Native Americans for their land and treating them fairly William Penn

Delaware 1682 Originally settled by the Swedes (Sweden) 1643- 1655 Taken over by the Dutch 1655-1664 Taken over by the English when they took New Netherlands in 1664 Maryland and Pennsylvania both claimed Delaware until 1704

Geography drives cash crop production The Southern Colonies Geography drives cash crop production

George Calvert, Lord Baltimore Maryland 1632 Founded as a refuge for English Catholics Welcomed all Christians 1st settlement St. Mary’s City George Calvert, Lord Baltimore

The Carolinas 1663 Founded in 1663 by 8 noblemen who were granted the land by the king Most noted Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury Nobles sought to make money attracting settlers from Virginia Split into North and South in 1712

George II Reigns 1727-1760 Son of George I Stopped the attempt to reclaim the throne by James II’s grandson Charles Edward Stuart

Georgia 1732 Place to send debtors and convicts Provided buffer from Spanish attacks from the south Strict rules; no slaves, no alcohol James Oglethorpe

George III Reigns 1760-1820 Grandson of George II Loses the American Revolution and all of England’s North American colonies except Canada