Colonial Government.

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Presentation transcript:

Colonial Government

Why Colonies? Shift in Europe from Manorialism (feudalism) to Mercantilism (Commercial Revolution) Mercantilism – A nation’s power or wealth depends on its production, trade, and industrial power which government fosters and protects Britain wants to colonize as a way to increase its power and wealth Britain would establish colonies by issuing a “charter” which gave the colonies some power over themselves, but still belong to the English King

Royal Colonies Subject to direct control of the English Monarch and Parliament Included: New Hampshire, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia King would appoint a “Royal Governor” to govern the colony Appointed judges to local courts within the colony King also appointed an “upper council” that advised the Royal Governor Council acted as the Supreme Court of the Colony Bicameral colonial legislature – a lower council developed that was elected by eligible colonists (property owning men) ALL Laws passed by the colonial legislatures had to be approved by the Royal Governor, and then the King (a 6 month process)

Proprietary Colonies Less direct ties to the English Monarch/Parliament King granted a proprietor land to create a colony (usually as a gift) Famous Proprietors – Lord Baltimore (Maryland) William Penn (Pennsylvania and Delaware) Proprietor directly oversaw colony, and appointed a governor Also had colonial legislatures, democratically elected King could override decisions made by proprietary colonies

Charter Colonies Extremely loose ties to the King Elected their own Colonial Governor (property owning males could vote) The King had to approve the Royal governor taking office, but this was often ignored King had the power to strike down laws only if they were challenged in court Many charter colonies maintained their government systems in their state constitutions with few changes well past the Revolutionary War Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts (before its charter changed)