CYurky Homer-Center HS US History 8 Founding the colonies CYurky Homer-Center HS US History 8
Crash Course https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_490217&feature=iv&sr c_vid=5vKGU3aEGss&v=p47tZLJbdag
1607-1732 The original 13 English Colonies were founded over a 125 year period.
Virginia (1607) King James gave charter to London Company Jamestown was first successful colony Made profits growing Tobacco John Smith made colony productive House of Burgesses was first “representative government” in America
Massachusetts (1620) Pilgrims came to America for religious freedom Settled at Plymouth Rock Traded with the Indians Puritans followed and formed Massachusetts Bay Colony Set up settlement at Boston
New Hampshire (1629) Explored by French and British Settlers from Massachusetts moved into the region King James I gave a charter to John Mason Became farmers
Maryland (1634) Colony for Roman Catholics (also experienced persecution) George Calvert (Lord Baltimore) obtained land from King Charles I. Named after Queen Henrietta Maria George died, so claim given to his son Cecil. Traded with the Indians Successful farmers Passed the Toleration Act which gave freedom of religion to all Christians
Rhode Island (1636) Puritans didn’t allow freedom of religion Roger Williams moved to Providence and established new colony
Connecticut (1636) Thomas Hooker left Massachusetts Bay Led a small group of people south Settled around Hartford Wrote first constitution Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Delaware (1638) Fort Christina settled by Swedish Dutch captured in 1654 English took over 1664 and finally 1674
Carolinas (1663) Land explored by French (Verrazano) and Spanish (de Soto) Sir Walter Raleigh tried to settle at Roanoke Settlers from Virginia moved into the region Charles II gave the land to eight nobles who were friends of his In the early 1700s the colony was split into North and South
New york (1664) Explored by French (Verrazano) and English (Henry Hudson) Dutch established colony “New Netherland” Peter Minuit bought Manhattan Island from the Indians Built settlement of New Amsterdam Dutch leader Peter Stuyvesant eventually lost the colony to the English in 1674
New Jersey (1664) First settled by Dutch (Holland) Fur traders When English captured New Netherland, took region King gave charter to two friends Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret
Pennsylvania (1681) First settled by the Swedish King Charles gave charter to William Penn to repay debt Penn brought Quakers to the colony Established Philadelphia “Holy Experiment” where all religions could exist side by side Traded with the Indians
Georgia (1733) Originally the land was the frontier between the Carolinas and Spanish Florida Indians often attacked James Oglethorpe suggest a new colony Suggested that the colony be opened for the poor in English jails King George II gave Oglethorpe a charter Founded Savannah