The Civil War and Reconstruction Grade 7 Unit 8 Lesson 1 ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War and Reconstruction BEAN BINGO Look over the key terms on your Bingo Card. When you see one of the key terms on the PowerPoint, place a BEAN in that square. Try to go for a BLACKOUT BINGO! The teacher will assign each person a partner for short Quiz-Quiz-Praise games throughout the presentation. ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: 1861-1865 Union General Ulysses S. Grant Image 1: (2013). Lieut. gen. u.s. grant. (2013). [Print Photo]. Retrieved from www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=155 Image 2: (1863). Robert edward lee. (1863). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Robert_E_Lee_in_1863.png Union General Ulysses S. Grant Confederate General Robert E. Lee ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: The Civil War and Reconstruction had great impact on Texas: Political Economic Social Photo credit (all): Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Political Impact: having to do with the structures and affairs of government, politics and its institutions, or politicians Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Economic Impact having to do with the production, development, and management of material wealth of a country, household, or business enterprise Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

having to do with the way people live together in communities Civil War: Social Impact: having to do with the way people live together in communities Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

What were the CAUSES for the Civil War? ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Causes STATES’ RIGHTS The 10th Amendment to the United States Constitution states that all powers not given to the Congress by the Constitution (Art. I, Sec. 8) are reserved to the states, States' Rights. Because the power to decide issues regarding slavery is not given to the Congress in the Constitution, the southern states felt that is was within their power to determine the issue. ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: 1861-1865 The northern states agreed with the Federal Government and wanted to abolish slavery. Their economy was based on industry and did not rely on slavery. Very few families owned slaves. The northern states represented the Union. Northern States Northern States Photo credit: (2013). Lieut. gen. u.s. grant. (2013). [Print Photo]. Retrieved from www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=155 The Union ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: 1861-1865 The Confederacy The southern states did not agree with the Federal Government. They believed that state’s rights were infringed (states having the power to govern themselves). Their economy was based on agriculture (farming and raising livestock) and relied heavily on slavery. Many plantation owners used enslaved people to work in their homes and fields. Photo Credit: (1863). Robert edward lee. (1863). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Robert_E_Lee_in_1863.png The Confederacy ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Causes Tariffs The South was producing cotton and selling it to the North as well as to England. Northern manufacturers were producing cloth they wanted to sell in the South. However it was more expensive for the North to produce goods than England because they were better industrialized. The North wanted a protective tariff placed on imported goods thus raising England’s prices on goods. ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Causes Tariffs Southerners and Northerners both would have to pay more for manufactured goods imported from overseas, which would help sales of products made in the U.S. The South protested that the national government did not have the right to do this. However, the Constitution gives the Congress the power to pass import taxes (export taxes are forbidden) ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Impact on Texas Throughout the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln developed several plans to bring the nation back together and to give enslaved people their freedom. The Executive Order known as The Emancipation Proclamation, freed slaves in the slave-holding Southern states beginning January 1, 1863. Photo credit: Gardner, A. (Photographer). (1863). Abraham lincoln. [Print Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3a53289/ ©2012, TESCCC

Quiz-Quiz-Praise Game Turn to your partner. Take turns quizzing each other over the following key terms. When you partner gets an answer correct, be sure to celebrate with a high five or a cheer! States’ Rights Tariff Confederacy Abraham Lincoln Emancipation Proclamation Union ©2012, TESCCC

What impact did the Civil War have on Texas? ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Political Impact The southern states, including Texas, SECEDED (pulled out of) the United States in 1861. The southern states formed the CONFEDERACY – a government with weaker central authority Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Political Impact Texas gave reasons for joining the Confederacy: SECTIONALISM – greater loyalty to a region, than a nation Most Texans were originally from the South and had connections to friends and families there. Many of these Texans agreed with slavery though most did not hold slaves. Economically, politically and socially Texans were connected to the South. Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/

Civil War: Political Impact Texas gave reasons for joining the Confederacy: The national government had not helped Texas prevent Indian attacks, raids, and other acts of banditry in Texas. Texas’ economy depended on slavery. Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Political Impact Newly-elected Governor, Sam Houston, did not want Texas to secede from the Union and was removed from office when he refused to take a loyalty oath to the Confederacy. Photo credit: Brady, M. (Photographer). (1861). Sam houston. [Print Photo]. Retrieved from http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Sam_Houston_by_Mathew_Brady.jpg ©2012, TESCCC

Significant Texans in the Civil War: Lawrence Sullivan “Sul” Ross Which person matches each description? John Magruder John Bell Hood Lawrence Sullivan “Sul” Ross Francis Lubbock Thomas Green Leader of Confederate “Hood’s Brigade”; Fort Hood Texas named after him 2. Governor of Texas in 1861 after Sam Houston was removed from office 3. Commander of Confederate forces in Texas 4. Led the gunboat battle where the Confederacy regained control of Galveston; strapped cotton bales to the sides of steamboats to protect the riflemen 5. Confederate Army General, 19th governor of Texas, one of the president of what is now known as A & M University ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Political Impact Texans fought in many battles in the Civil War on the Confederate and Union side Conscription Act (had to join the army) – Around 70,000 Texans joined the Confederacy On the Union side, many formerly-enslaved Texans and many Texas immigrants fought Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/

Significant Texas Battles in the Civil War: Which description matches which battle? Battle of Sabine Pass Battle of Galveston Batle of Palmito Ranch July 1861 – The Union Navy blocked Texas ports; 1863, Confederate troops converted steamboats to gunships and take back the port 2. September 1863 - Union planned to invade Texas with 5000 troops and attack Houston; Lieutenant Richard Dowling and his men defended Ft. Griffin for a complete victory 3. May 1865 – Union army moved to capture Brownsville; collided with Confederate troops led by John S. Fort; Confederate troops captured 100 union soldiers who told them the war was over in April

Civil War: Economic Impact Northern blockades cut off food, supplies, war material to the South created shortages of… Coffee Medicine Clothing Salt Paper Trade along the Mexican border continued Demand for cotton was down because of the war, but demand for corn and wheat up due to food shortages Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Economic Impact Freed slaves leave few left on the farms Lower production of agriculture and business due to men being at war Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Social Impact With so many Texans fighting in the war, women and children had to be responsible for the businesses, farms, and homes. Many suffered the loss of family members. Union supporters were treated with hostility. Life was hard in Texas. Photo credit (top to bottom): Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War: Civil War Ends The war ended in April 1865, but because of Texas’s location, the news of the war ending did not reach Texas until June 19, 1865. Why did it take so long for Texans to hear this news? The last Civil War battle was in Brownsville, Texas May 12 -13. The North, or Union forces, had already won the war. Confederate General Robert E. Lee had signed the surrender agreement one month before. ©2012, TESCCC

Quiz-Quiz-Praise Game Turn to your partner. Take turns quizzing each other over the following key terms. When you partner gets an answer correct, be sure to celebrate with a high five or a cheer! Secede Sectionalism Conscription Act Confederacy ©2012, TESCCC

Reconstruction: 1865 - 1874 ©2012, TESCCC

Reconstruction: Impact A week after the end of the Civil War, President Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth. His successor, President Johnson continued on with the process of Reconstruction, or rebuilding the country. Photo credit: Currier & Ives. (Artist). (1865). The assassination of president lincoln: at ford's theatre, washington, d.c., april 14th, 1865 . [Print Drawing]. Retrieved from http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3b49830/ ©2012, TESCCC

Reconstruction: Impact The Confederate loss affected Texas: There was a shortage of free labor to farm their fields. There was inadequate production in agriculture and business. Transportation was disrupted. ©2012, TESCCC

Reconstruction: Political Impact Martial Law – Governor Davis used military forces to keep the peace in several counties Sherman and federal troops removed American Indian tribes from West Texas during the “Frontier Wars.” Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Reconstruction: Political Impact Texas adopted the Constitution of 1876 Texas ratified the Reconstruction Amendments in order to rejoin the Union 13th Amendment - forbids slavery 14th Amendment – equal rights, regardless of race 15th Amendment – extended the right to vote to African American men Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Reconstruction: Economic Impact There was a great increase in… Tenant farming – people reside on and farm land owned by a landlord Sharecropping – people farming another landowners land for a share of the profit Photo credit (top to bottom): Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ Image courtesy of Alabama Department of Archives and History. Retrieved from http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org//face/Multimedia.jsp?id=m-4585 ©2012, TESCCC

Reconstruction: Economic Impact Expansion of the railroad Cattle industry booms This led to an increase in people moving to Texas Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Reconstruction: Social Impact Freedmen’s Bureau was established in 1865 by the national government to provide the following for formerly-enslaved people: Food Shelter Medicine Opened the first schools for African Americans in Texas, which were in operation for over 100 years Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Reconstruction: Social Impact On June 19, 1865, General Gordon Granger arrived in Texas in Galveston Bay with 2,000 federal troops announcing and enforcing the Emancipation Proclamation. June 19th became known as Juneteenth, which became a celebration of the end of slavery Photo credit (top to bottom): Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ Austin History Center. (Photographer). Emancipation Day celebration [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.austinlibrary.com/ahc/africanam.htm ©2012, TESCCC

Reconstruction: Social Impact Because some did not agree with the new laws of the U.S., some states passed Jim Crow laws to enforce segregation (separating races). It became illegal for African American Texans and sometimes Hispanic Texans to … eat in the same restaurants stay in the same hotel attend the same schools be treated in the same hospital as the Anglo Texans Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Reconstruction: Social Impact The Ku Klux Klan emerged as a group seeking to force segregation and keep African Americans from taking part in politics. This was a time of great change as Texans made their way into a new era. Photo credit: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/ ©2012, TESCCC

Quiz-Quiz-Praise Game Turn to your partner. Take turns quizzing each other over the following key terms. When you partner gets an answer correct, be sure to celebrate with a high five or a cheer! Reconstruction Constitution of 1876 13th, 14th, 15th Amendment Sharecropping Tenant Farming Freeman’s Bureau Juneteenth Jim Crow Laws KKK ©2012, TESCCC

Civil War and Reconstruction Did you get a BEAN BINGO BLACKOUT? ©2012, TESCCC