Bell Ringer What were some things you liked about the convention? What were some things you think should change? How would you constructively change them?
Unit One Packet YAY!!! 1. Role of Government in Your Life 2. Principles of Government and the State 3. Philosophers and their Beliefs 4. Forms of Government 5. Historical Documents 6. Origins of Am Government 7. A of C Graphic Organizer (not 3B) 8. Creating the Constitution 9. Ratification and the Bill of Rights Notes 10. STUDY GUIDE!!! 11. Bell Ringers
The Supreme Law of the Land
Outline of the Constitution 1. Preamble- short intro, describes the six purposes of government
Outline of the Constitution 2. Body broken into 7 sections called articles: Article 1: Legislative Article 3: Judicial Article 2: Executive
Legislative Branch Power to: make laws and frame public policy $$$$: purse, tax, budget Responsibility to provide for the common defense & promote the general welfare
Executive Branch Power to Preserve, protect, and defend Constitution execute, enforce, and administer law Sign laws, treaties, executive orders, and pardons Preserve, protect, and defend Constitution
Judicial Branch Power to Judicial review interpret the laws, determine meaning and settle disputes Judicial review Interpret laws and decides whether Constitutional
Outline of the Constitution Preamble- short intro, describes the six purposes of government Body is broken into 7 sections called articles. Article 1: Legislative Article 2: Executive Article 3: Judicial Article 4: States – Nat. Gov’t – States Article 5: Formal Amendments Article 6: Constitution Supreme Law Article 7: Ratify that Constitution *Followed by 27 amendments
Ratification and the Bill of Rights
The Fight for Ratification Ratification definition: Formal approval, final consent to the effectiveness of a constitution, amendment or treaty Ratification did not come easy! Once the Constitution was drafted it was: Printed, circulated, and debated heavily Federalists favored the ratification Anti-federalists were opposed to the Constitution
FEDERALISTS FAVORED RATIFICATION 1. Government needed more power Wrote Federalist Papers (New York) J. Madison/ A. Hamilton/ John Jay 1. Government needed more power 2. Divided power between 3 branches 3. Single person executive 4. Solved specific problems of Articles **Supported by most newspapers
ANTI-FEDERALISTS OPPOSED RATIFICATION Henry/ Mason/ Adams 1. No guarantee of personal rights 2. States didn’t have enough power 3. President may become king 4. Liberties gained would be lost
Bill of Rights! Outcome of the fight… Constitution did NOT provide for basic liberties Added 3 years after Proposed in 1st session of Congress Ratified in 1791 by the states AKA: the first 10 amendments
A summary of the first 10 Amendments The Bill of Rights A summary of the first 10 Amendments
1st Amendment Five basic liberties (RAPPS): Freedom of/from Religion Freedom of Assembly Freedom of the Press Freedom of Petition Freedom of Speech
2nd Amendment Right to bear arms States may keep a militia (National Guard)
3rd Amendment Prevented quartering (housing) of soldiers
4th Amendment Unlawful Searches and Seizures Police must obtain warrants (court order) Evidence gained illegally cannot be used in court.
5th Amendment Cannot be forced to be a witness against yourself Due Process Government cannot deprive individuals of life, liberty, or property without proper notice
6th Amendment Right to a speedy and public trial Right to an attorney
7th Amendment Right to a jury in any civil case involving more than $20 (today this is obsolete)
8th Amendment No cruel or unusual punishment No excessive bails or fines
9th Amendment Unenumerated (unwritten) rights There are rights not listed in the Constitution that people have Gay rights, Abortion
10th Amendment “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.” Powers not given to the National government are given to the states! YAY FEDERALISM!