Answer the following questions using the 1.4 4 notes (9/17/12): Describe the Federalists. Describe the Anti-Federalists. What compromise was made before several states would ratify the Constitution? Why were the Federalist Papers written? What did the authors of the Federalist Papers support?

Groups Come up with a group name Create a group symbol Put both on your poster to go on the back wall Come up with 5 rules for your group to live by. Write them down, and everyone signs them!

The Constitution

USHC Standard 1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the conflicts between regional and national interest in the development of democracy in the United States. USHC 1.5: Explain how fundamental principle of limited government is protected by the Constitution and the Bill of Rights, including democracy, republicanism, federalism, the separation of powers, the system of checks and balances, and individual rights. The Constitution

Limited government: government must be controlled so that it cannot infringe upon the rights of the people Example: the national government is limited under the Constitution What is the fundamental principle of democracy? Government derives its power from the consent of the governed In other words… The PEOPLE, not the government, hold the power

Was the United States a democracy in the beginning? NO! Why? 1. Under the Articles of Confederation sovereignty lay with the states a. Sovereignty: having supreme rank, power or authority 2. In the beginning, the U.S. did not recognize the right to vote of several classes of people

Mick Mulvaney Lindsey Graham Jim DeMint Tim Scott Concepts of the Constitution: 1. Under the Constitution, the authority to govern derives not from the states, but from the people as evidenced by the language “We the people…do ordain and establish the Constitution” 2. The Constitution recognized the ultimate governing authority rested with the voters 3. The Framers also based the government on the principle of republicanism. a. Republicanism: voters are represented by elected legislators who make decisions in the interest of the voters Mick Mulvaney Lindsey Graham Jim DeMint Tim Scott

Do the voters have the final say in elections? In the House of Representatives YES! 2. In the Senate YES and NO! 3. In the Presidency NO! 4. In the Supreme Court

1. Representatives in the House of Representatives are elected by the popular vote. 2. Senators in the Senate are elected by popular vote today; however, they were originally elected by the state legislature they came from. 3. The President is voted on by the public, but ultimately elected by the Electoral College. a. Electoral College: a body of electors chosen by the voters in each state to elect the President and Vice President of the U.S. 4. The Supreme Court judges are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate.

How did the Framers limit the power of the national government. 1 How did the Framers limit the power of the national government? 1. The principle of federalism limits the power of the national government by only delegating it some powers. a. Other powers are reserved to the state b. Still other powers are held simultaneously by the states and the nation c. While still other powers reside with the people

2. The Framers divided the power of the national government among three branches of government a. Legislative: Congress; divided into two houses, the Senate and the House of Representatives i. The House of Representatives was given the exclusive right to initiate tax bills because they more directly represent the people b. Executive: The President and Vice President c. Judicial: the Supreme Court

The Three Branches of Government

3. A system of checks and balances further ensured that the power of each branch was limited by a competing power of another branch. Example: The legislature has the exclusive right to pass laws, but the President can veto laws. The legislature can then override a veto with a supermajority vote. Example: the executive branch has the power to make foreign treaties, but only the Senate can ratify treaties. Example: Members of the judiciary and the chief executive (President) can be removed from office with an impeachment procedure carried out by the legislature.

4. The addition of the Bill of Rights limited the national government from infringing on the rights of the people. a. Included among these rights is the right to freedom of speech, religion, assembly and the press; protections against unfair trials and unreasonable search and seizure and the right to bear arms.

Bill of Rights Activity Read the Bill of Rights (Amendments 1-10) using the Constitution app Pick 3 of the 10 amendments that you could not live without. Explain WHY you picked the ones you did!