E Pluribus Unum-”From Many, One” December 17, 2014 E Pluribus Unum-”From Many, One” This motto was adopted in 1782 by the Founding Fathers. Today we are going to review all that we have studied about the Constitution. Get your papers and notes out and put them on your desk. As a group create a study guide for the following: People Places Events Ideas Misc.

This incident involved poor farmers rebelling against the Massachusetts government. Because of it the founding fathers felt there needed to be a stronger federal government. Shay’s Rebellion

The belief in a republic The belief in a republic. Instead of voting directly about what they want to do, as in a democracy, people instead vote for people to represent them, and those people decide what to do. REPUBLICANISM

The first attempt at a Constitution for the nation, but it failed. Articles of Confederation

The Articles of Confederation The first attempt at a constitution for the new nation The 2nd Continental Congress met 1781 and created the Articles of Confederation as the plan of government The Articles of Confederation were too weak because each state worked as an individual instead as a part of a nation. A strength was The Land Ordinance of 1785 and The Northwest Ordinance outlined a plan for applying for statehood to western territories.

Slave Trade Compromise An agreement during the Constitutional Convention to protect the interests of slaveholders by forbidding Congress to act on the slave trade for twenty years. Slave Trade Compromise

To approve or accept, as in a law. Ratification Place in the Constitution that can be modified. Amendment

The branch of the government that interprets the laws. Judicial Branch

A document that is a set of rules and procedures for government. Constitution

The Constitution of the United States of America -The Law of the Land-

The Constitution INTRODUCTION THAT STATES THE PURPOSE PREAMBLE ARTICLES PROVIDES THE STRUCTURE AND DEFINITION AMENDMENTS PROTECTS THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE

A constitutional system with powers shared and divided between the national and state governments FEDERALISM

The branch of the government comprised of the Congress that makes laws and policy. Legislative Branch

Plan proposed by delegates of the Constitutional Convention supporting representation based on population. Virginia Plan

An agreement that provided a dual system of congressional representation. (House of Representatives= population Senate= 2 per state) Great Compromise

Supporters of the constitution. Federalists

This system was built so that no one branch of our government could become too powerful. CHECKS AND BALANCES

This was the method used to include slaves in the population count. 3/5 Compromise

Compromises of the Constitutional Convention The Great Compromise Bicameral Legislature House of Representatives Representation based on population Senate Each state has equal representation 3/5 Compromise Debate over counting slaves for purposes of representation Each slave counts as 3/5 of a person Slave trade will end in 1808

Plan proposed at the Constitution Convention that advocated the idea of one state, one vote. New Jersey Plan

Government has only those powers delegated to it by the people Government has only those powers delegated to it by the people. No one is above the law. All must obey. LIMITED GOVERNMENT

This part of the Constitution expressed the reasons it was written; its purpose. Preamble

The Preamble We the People of the United States of America, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

GOALS OF THE PREAMBLE PREAMBLE EXPLANATION EXAMPLES “Form a more perfect Union” Create a nation in which states work together *interstate roads *U.S. coins, paper money “Establish justice” Make laws and set up courts that are fair *court system *jury system “Insure domestic tranquility Keep peace in the country *National Guard *Federal Marshals “Provide for the common defense” Safeguard the country against attack *Army *Navy “Promote the general welfare” Contribute to the happiness and well-being of all the people *Safety in the workplace *aid to the poor “Secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity” Make sure future citizens remain free *Commission on Civil Rights *Federal Election Commission

A part of a document that deals with a single subject and defines and describes the framework of the government. Articles

In the United States of America all political power resides in the people. Popular Sovereignty is a doctrine or belief that government is created by and subject to the will of the people. People rule POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY

The first ten amendments that state the fundamental rights and privileges of citizens. Bill of Rights

THE BILL OF RIGHTS Many people thought the Constitution made the government too strong and disagreed with it. They were called Anti-Federalists. Thomas Jefferson proposed adding the Bill of Rights. These 10 amendments protected the individual rights of the Americans. They guaranteed: Freedom of worship, speech and press Trial by jury No unusual punishments No housing of soldiers Right to bear arms No search and seizure without a court order

The branch of the government that carries out and executes the laws. Executive Branch

Constitutional Convention Meeting held between the states in 1787 to draw up a governing document for the new nation. Constitutional Convention

The Constitutional Convention 1787 Met in Philadelphia with George Washington as leader The purpose was to create a republic In a republic the decisions rest upon the consent of the people who elect representatives 9 states were needed for ratification or approval The Original 13 States

Those who opposed the constitution. Anti-Federalists

The three separate branches of government each has its own responsibilities they work together to make the country run smoothly and to assure that the rights of citizens are not ignored or disallowed SEPARATION OF POWERS

The United States Constitution Federal System of Government The Three Branches of Government Balance of Power EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVE JUDICIAL CARRIES OUT THE LAWS MAKES THE LAWS JUDGES THE LAWS PRESIDENT CABINET SENATE HOUSE OF SUPREME COURT AND REPRESENTATIVES VICE PRESIDENT

What part did North Carolina play? NC met in Hillsborough on July 21, 1788 and decided NOT to ratify, or approve, the Constitution. NC believed that it created a central or federal government too powerful. NC and Rhode Island decided to remain totally independent of the United States. In Fayetteville in 1789, with the promise of a Bill of Rights, NC became the 12th state to approve the Constitution.