SS8H9

Activity 1 Create a Thinking map with World War II in the middle and the following topics as “arms” of the thinking map Events leading to WWII Lean Lease Bombing of Pearl Harbor See the next slide to get you started

Why America got involved You should draw this and before moving on research the 3 areas. The next slide has great resources WW II Why America got involved Lend-Lease Pearl Harbor

Events leading to WWII When World War II erupted in September 1939, many Americans saw it as a “European” problem and hoped to stay out of the conflict. As Germany continued to be victorious and take over nation after nation, the U.S. continued to watch from the sidelines. In the Pacific, Japan was taking over large portions of China and other countries of southeast Asia, and the U.S. continued to remain neutral. http://www.historyonthenet.com/ww2/caus es.htm

Lend Lease LEND-LEASE ACT The Lend-Lease Act of March 11, 1941, was the principal means for providing U.S. military aid to foreign nations during World War II. The act authorized the president to transfer arms or any other defense materials for which Congress appropriated money to "the government of any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States." Britain, the Soviet Union, China, Brazil, and many other countries received weapons under this law. By allowing the president to transfer war material to a beleaguered Britain—and without payment as required by the Neutrality Act of 1939— the act enabled the British to keep fighting until events led America into the conflict. It also skirted the thorny problems of war debts that had followed World War I. Lend-Lease brought the United States one step closer to entry into the war. Isolationists, such as Republican senator Robert Taft, opposed it. Taft correctly noted that the bill would "give the President power to carry on a kind of undeclared war all over the world, in which America would do everything except actually put soldiers in the front-line trenches where the fighting is."

Bombing of Pearl Harbor One of the most tragic events in America’s history was the Japanese surprise attack on the Navy base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. On December 7, 1941, over 300 Japanese planes attacked Pearl Harbor in hopes of crippling the U.S. military to further their plan to take over more land in the Pacific. Attacked over 2000 Americans were killed and the U.S. lost over 150 ships. While the attack accomplished its goal of damaging the U.S. Navy, it also changed the vast majority of opinion about staying out of the war. On December 8, 1941, in a moving speech, President Roosevelt called December 7, “a day that will live in infamy” and asked Congress to declare war on Japan, which it did. A few days later, Germany and Italy declared war on the U.S., which America did in turn. From December 8, 1941, until victory in 1945, America fought a two front war against Japan, Germany, and Italy. For U.S. Navy images of the attack on Pearl Harbor see: Navy History and Heritage Command: “Pearl Harbor Raid” http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/events/wwii-pac/pearlhbr/pearlhbr.htm

SS8H9b Evaluate the importance of Bell Aircraft, military bases, the Savannah and Brunswick shipyards, Richard Russell, and Carl Vinson.

Bell Aircraft  Bell Aircraft Company of Buffalo, NY, won a contract to build the B-29 bomber in a new plant in Marietta. Largest aircraft assembly plant in the world Over 4.2 million square feet Over 27,000 employees Creating 60-65 planes/month Between 1943-1945 built 668 planes Still open—operated by Lockheed Martin Corporation

Military Bases WWII bought millions of dollars to GA GA became site of many military installations due to: Climate Senator Richard Russell Jr. Representative Carl Vinson Fort Benning – Columbus, GA Largest infantry center in country Camp Gordon- Augusta Fort Stewart and Hunter Air Field – Savannah Warner Robins Air Field- Macon Camp McPherson- Atlanta Where newly drafted soldiers were inducted from all over USA Military hospital Fort Gillem – Clayton county Army storage facility Railroad yard Prisoners of War: Ft Benning, Gordon, Oglethorpe, & Stewart Fort Oglethorpe Allowed women to train as postal workers, clerks, typists, switchboard operators, code clerks, drivers, aides

Savannah & Brunswick Shipyards Cities where “Liberty Ships” were built Named after Patrick Henry’s quote-essential to war effort First: Nov 1942, The USS James Oglethorpe (sunk by a German sub 1943) Savannah: 88 ships built by 15,000 workers (many women) Brunswick: Over 16,000 workers, 99 ships built Set national record by bldg 7 ships in one month Crews worked Christmas Day, donated paychecks for the war effort

Richard B. Russell

Richard B Russell- GA’s youngest GOV Made needed changes Combined 102 state officesmade 17 agencies Tried to run the state like a successful business Eased some of the problems brought by the depression Elected to the GA House at 23 Elected Governor at age 33 Picture taken by Ricardo Brown

RBR Federal Building

Richard B. Russell Became senator (for 38 years) Favored military programs, funded gov’t programs Promoted Strong National Defense Sponsored legislation: provide school lunches for ALL children Became third in line for presidency when he served as president pro tempore for the senate

Picture taken by Ricardo Brown Died at the age of 74 this image can be found on the grounds of the GA State Capital Picture taken by Ricardo Brown

Carl Vinson Served 25 consecutive terms as GA Representative (50 years) Promoted Strong National Defense Supported bills to increase our military (planes, naval ships, etc) Known as “father of the two-ocean navy”

c. Explain the impact of the Holocaust on Georgians.

Impact of the Holocaust on Georgians http://8thgahistory.weebly.com/uploads/1/0/2/4/10245026/ss8h9c.pdf

Activity 3 The Holocaust had a lasting impact on Georgians and people throughout the world. Many survivors of the Holocaust immigrated to Georgia after the war and told stories about the unimaginable horrors they faced in Europe. Their stories should be documented and told to future generations to help keep such a tragedy from happening again. Read one of the accounts of a Holocaust survivor who moved to the Georgia found on the website “NewLives: Coming to America” http://www.thebreman.org/exhibitions/online/newlives /start.php. Label assignment as: Georgia & The Holocaust

GA & The Holocaust https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OS-t1Y4WUYs Directions: Take notes Write the questions along with the answers. Assignment due Friday!

d. Discuss President Roosevelt’s ties to Georgia, including his visits to Warm Springs and his impact on the state.

The Little White House- Warm Springs

Roosevelt’s Ties to Georgia Franklin Roosevelt visited Georgia over 40 times from 1913- 1945. Primarily he came to Georgia and stayed at his home in Warm Springs, which became known as the “Little White House” during his presidency. Roosevelt exercised in the warm water pools of the spring to help ease the crippling effects of polio, a disease he contracted in 1924. Roosevelt used the seclusion of Warm Springs to take a break for the strain of his four terms in office. While in Georgia, Roosevelt made several appearances and gave many speeches throughout the state. He was well loved by most Georgians due to his New Deal program which provided aid to many suffering from the effects of the Depression.

FDR’s BEDROOM

Roosevelt Ties to Georgia He endeared himself to many Georgians when they heard that he became a friend to the locals in the Warm Spring Area and hosted a Thanksgiving dinner to all of the patients at the spring. Georgians overwhelming supported Roosevelt in all four of his presidential contests. However, his visits to Georgia were not without controversy. Many in the North, including his wife Eleanor, did not think Roosevelt did enough to help end segregation and the lack of civil rights in Georgia and the rest of the South. He also angered many Georgians when he spoke against what he considered to be unfair labor practices in Georgia’s textile industry. He urged for them to remove conservative Democratic senator Walter F. George from office due to his efforts in blocking New Deal legislation.

FDR- Ties to Georgia The Holocaust had a lasting impact on Georgians and people throughout the world. Many survivors of the Holocaust immigrated to Georgia after the war and told stories about the unimaginable horrors they faced in Europe. Their stories should be documented and told to future generations to help keep such a tragedy from happening again. Roosevelt was visiting Warm Springs on April 12, 1945, where he died after suffering a massive stroke. Most Georgians were extremely saddened about the loss of their “adopted son.” Today, many people till go to Warm Springs for treatment of strokes and injuries at the Warm Springs Rehabilitation Center, and Roosevelt’s home is visited by thousands ever year. For more information about Franklin Roosevelt’s ties to Georgia and his impact on the state see: The New Georgia Encyclopedia: “Franklin D. Roosevelt in Georgia” http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-2727&hl=y, The New Georgia Encyclopedia: “Warm Springs” http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-767&hl=y

Activity 4 Write a letter to Ms. Johnson, Dr. Davis and Mr. Adams about your visit to Warm Springs Georgia. Be sure to include President Roosevelt’s ties to Georgia, the reason for visiting the great state and how he impacted the state. I am looking for three to four 7-10 sentence paragraphs. You must have a rough draft and have a friend read over it before writing a final draft. Then you must address the envelope and send the letter. Peer Edits due Friday 2/26 Letter due, Monday 2/29

Activity 5 Pass out Activity 5 Worksheet