Heather Jenet, Sarah Hochberg, Nate Bendzlowicz, and Josh Weber Current Outbreaks Heather Jenet, Sarah Hochberg, Nate Bendzlowicz, and Josh Weber

Overview CDC (Center for Disease Control) Lyme Disease Avian Influenza Antibiotic Resistance Measles Chikungunya Lyme Disease Avian Influenza Yellow Fever Dengue Fever

What is the CDC? CDC stands for "Center of Disease Control"  Nation's health protection agency, working to protect America from health and safety hazards, both foreign and domestic.  CDC increases the health security of our nation Founded July 1, 1946  Headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia NB

Role in our Lives Work to prevent the outbreak of diseases 24/7 Rapid detection saves lives US is safer from diseases because they are stopped before they reach US Borders They promote healthy and safe behaviors in communities CDC's Obesity efforts focus on strategies to make healthy eating and active living accessible and affordable for everyone Travelers Health  Allows someone planning to travel to find the vaccines that they should receive and the main diseases in that area NB

Antibiotic Resistance Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria evolve in a way that reduces the effectiveness of drugs and chemicals designed to cure and treat infections What Causes this? Overuse and misuse of antibiotics How do bacteria become resistant? Some bacteria can "Override" an antibiotic by changing it in a way that makes it harmless. Other bacteria can change their outer structure so the antibiotic has no way to attach to the bacteria it is designed to kill. NB

What can you do to prevent antibiotic resistance? Tell your healthcare professional that you are concerned about antibiotic resistance Never skip doses or stop taking a medication early even  Never save an antibiotic for the next time you get sick Never take antibiotics prescribed for someone else Make sure to get vaccines that could require the use of antibiotics if someone doesn’t get the vaccine Never pressure your healthcare professional into prescribing you an antibiotic  NB

Measles Produced from a virus called a paramyxovirus HJ Measles Produced from a virus called a paramyxovirus Spread when people cough sneeze specifically the mist  Takes 7-18 days before person starts being sick, very contagious

Measles Beginning symptoms- fever, runny nose and eyes, coughing HJ Measles Beginning symptoms- fever, runny nose and eyes, coughing Rash on mouth- had white dots called Koplik's spots After spots comes measle's rash that spreads on skin  After rash: Starts as red patches and sometimes later has bumps, Rash comes with high fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, inflamed lymph nodes, harsh cough Prevention- vaccine Outbreaks- United States in 2008, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015 146, 000 deaths per year, 3-4 million cases per year

Chikungunya Arbovirus- single stranded RNA HJ Chikungunya Arbovirus- single stranded RNA Transferred by mosquitos, after bite, disease starts 4-8 days later Aedes get when feed on people who are infected Symptoms- fever, joint pain, headache, muscle pains, inflamed joints, rashes Passed easiest early during disease

Chikungunya Outbreaks- Africa, Asia, Europe, America's HJ Chikungunya Outbreaks- Africa, Asia, Europe, America's Prevention- avoid mosquito bites Since 2013- 1.7 million cases

Bucks County Lyme Disease Lyme Disease is spread by ticks Bacteria will spread, causing an infection. Should be removed right away, after 36 hours the disease will spread. In 2014 Bucks County had 7,400 cases of Lyme Disease People who are bitten experience symptoms like the flu (fatigue, fever, joint pain). SH

Location and Prevention Deer Ticks spread the disease in the Northeast area   Western Black-legged Ticks spread in the Northwest Ticks reside in woodland area Tick population has increased from 464 to 1,121 over the course of 10 years. SH

Avian Influenza (Bird Flu) Spread by airborne droplets from person to person. Can be deadly, but only 60% of infected people. Most common in Egypt and some parts of Asia, has spread to Washington state Symptoms are similar to a very bad flu but can turn into a respiratory disease.  SH

Prevention and Statistics Stay away from domesticated birds. Keep things clean (in the kitchen) to prevent cross contamination from raw poultry. Don’t consume raw or under cooked foods (eggs, meats, etc.) There are medications to cure SH

Yellow Fever – Description and Statistics  A viral disease of typically short duration It is transmitted to people by the bite of an infected mosquito Mild symptoms such as fever, chills, severe headache, back pain, general body aches, nausea, and vomiting, fatigue, and weakness More severe symptoms include organ failure and even death 200,000 cases of disease and 30,000 deaths a year occur JW

Yellow Fever – Location and Prevention Located in tropical and subtropical areas in South America and Africa Outbreak occurred in Brazil in the states of Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, and Rio de Janeiro If the disease if fought off, you become immune to getting it again No known cure, but preventions include using insect repellent, wearing protective clothing, and getting vaccinated JW

Dengue Fever – Description and Statistics Is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus Some symptoms include: high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash  Develops into the life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever Each year, between 50 and 528 million people are infected and approximately 10,000 to 20,000 die JW

Dengue Fever – Location and Prevention 2016 outbreak in Thailand Estimated 200,000 infections last year No vaccine for this disease Best way to prevent Dengue Fever is to prevent bites  by infected mosquitoes, using insect repellant or long clothes JW

What is antibiotic resistance? A: When an antibiotic is resistant to bacteria B: The process when an antibiotic kills the bacteria      C: When bacteria becomes resistant to an antibiotic D: When antibiotics become more effective and can kill more bacteria NB

What is one thing you can do to prevent antibiotic resistance A: Never skip a dose of an antibiotic and never stop early B: Pressure your health professional into giving you antibiotics C: Take someone else's antibiotics           D: Save antibiotics for the next time your sick  NB

Heather ABC's Which one does NOT come with Measles? A- Rash B- Koplik's spots C- Joint pain D- High fever

Heather ABC's Which is NOT true about Chikungunya A- It is an arbovirus B- Passed east in early stages C- Involves joint pain and fever D-Only passed through people

Sarah ABC's (Lyme Disease) Lyme Disease is spread by spiders A- Spiders B- Ticks C- Ladybug D- Beetle  B

Sarah ABC's (Avian Influenza) Avian Influenza (Bird Flu) if not treated properly can lead to... A- heart attack B- the flu C- Respiratory Disease D- stroke C

Where was the last major yellow fever outbreak? A. New Mexico B. Brazil C. Guam D. Algeria B JW

What is the life threatening form of Dengue Fever? A. Dengue Lithotripter Fever B. Dengue Hematopoiesis Fever C. Dengue Death Fever D. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever D JW

Overview CDC (Center for Disease Control) Lyme Disease Avian Influenza Antibiotic Resistance Measles Chikungunya Lyme Disease Avian Influenza Yellow Fever Dengue Fever