Today in I.S.… Week #1 Quarter 2 (10/16-10/18) Warm Up – Wed/Thurs, 10/16 & 10/17 Pick Up: Worksheets on table Have out: Worksheets you picked up I.S. Learning Goal: I can describe the features and components of the atom. Homework: Weekly Check Sheet due Monday, 10/21 New Notebook and cover due Monday for a 50 Points The History of an Atom Theory Reading and Questions Due Friday 10/18/2013 Daily Question: What are the feature and components of the atom? Activities/Assignments: Friendly Reminders Facebook Notebook Cover Notes on: Matter Atomic Models 1
She says she is not a victim and will NEVER give up! So inspirational! http://www.upworthy.com/watch-this-incredible-young-woman-render-jon-stewart-speechless?g=2&c=ufb1 She was 14 when she was shot, and is now 16 about to get a Nobel Peace Prize for her fight for education.
Friendly Reminders!!! Bathroom Pass is back!! Please remember to sign in and out! Please make eye contact with me BEFORE you leave the room! Do not ask to go! If the pass is there, sign out and make eye contact!!!
Friendly Reminders!!! When absent: look on the agenda board or go to school wires and look at calendar for what you missed Write down what we covered and assignments that were done for that day, bring it to class with you Pick up assignments in the homework bin If you were absent 1 day, you have that day to make up work without it being late. If you were absent two days, you have two days to make up the assignment, etc. Office hours: Mondays-Thursdays after school from 215-330 pm New notebook with Facebook cover for Quarter 2 due Monday 10/21/2013 for 50 points!!
Facebook Page Cover for Notebook Quietly Create your Facebook Page Cover sheet for your notebook Write your First and Last Name above the word “wall”. In the “Search Button” write “I.S. Quarter 2”. In the “What are you doing?” box write “Chemistry and Astronomy Unit”. Answer the questions: Personal Learning Goal for this Quarter (list 5) What will you do to reach this goal? (list 5) What do you know about Chemistry and Astronomy? (list 2) List 2 clubs, sports or other activities you do (school appropriate) Who are your friends who can help you reach your goals? (list 2) Who in your family can help you reach your goals? (list 2) Draw two pictures relating to Chemistry or Astronomy in the box on the top left using 4 colors. 20 minutes
Scale Yourself! LEARNING GOAL & SCALE 5 85% & Above What students will be able to apply by the end of this course? Students use scientific processes: questioning, planning and conducting investigations, using appropriate tools and techniques to gather data, thinking critically and logically about relationships between evidence and explanations, and communicating results. What students will be able to do by the end of this unit according to State Standards? Learning Goals: I can understand how to identify, categorize, and organize substances. 5 85% & Above In addition to Level 4, I can make connections to real-world applications and content in other Investigative Science units. 4 75% Mastery I can correctly: Describe substances based on their physical properties. Describe substances based on their chemical properties. Predict properties of elements and compounds using trends of the periodic table (e.g., metals, non-metals, bonding – ionic/covalent). Describe the following features and components of the atom: o protons o neutrons o electrons o mass o organization o structure o number and type of particles 3 60% I can correctly complete most of Level 4. 2 50% I can correctly complete Level 4 only with guidance. 1 25% I am unable to complete Level 4, even with guidance. Scale Yourself!
The Building Blocks of Matter: Atoms - - - + + + + - - + + - - -
Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume) Examples: A brick has mass and takes up space A desk has mass and takes up space A pencil has mass and takes up space Air has mass and takes up space All of the above examples are considered matter because they have mass and take up space. Can you think of anything that would not be considered matter?
I.S. Learning Goal: I can describe the features and components of the atom.
Matter is made of atoms
Complete Diagram Models Worksheet Models are often used for things that are too small or too large to be observed or that are too difficult to be understood easily
I.S. Learning Goal: I can describe the features and components of the atom.
Today in I.S.… Week 1 Quarter 2 Friday 10/18/2013 Pick Up: Worksheets on table Have out: Worksheets you picked up I.S. Learning Goal: I can describe the features and components of the atom. Homework: New Notebook and cover due Monday for a 50 Points The History of an Atom Theory Reading and Questions Due Friday 10/18/2013 Daily Question: What are the feature and components of the atom? Activities/Assignments: Bathroom Pass Facebook Notebook Cover Flash Card Activity Notes on: Matter Atomic Models Structure of an Atom 26
Atoms Reading Activity Read and ANNOTATE the following article Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper in COMPLETE SENTENCES 1. Explain Democritus’ contribution to the atomic theory 2. Explain why the atomic theory was ignored. 3. Who disproved the idea that atoms were “un-cuttable”? Why did he think this? 4. What did he claim atoms were made up of? 5. Name a part that makes up the atom 6. Explain Bohr’s contribution to the atom as it relates to electrons 7. What model explains the structure of the atom presently? 8. Explain Rutherford’s contribution to the atomic model 9. Explain Dalton’s contribution to the atomic model 10. Explain Thompson’s contributions to the atomic model
Monday October 21st, 2012 Entry Task/Warm-Up Schedule: Notes: Structure of an atom, mass and quarks Complete Graphic Organizer Entry Task/Warm-Up Please take your notebook Due Today: Notebook bought and set-up 50 Points Objective: I can describe the features and components of an atom Homework: 1. Parts of an Atom Worksheet 20 Points due Tuesday 2. Review notes for Quiz on Wed/Thursday!!
Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Atoms Smallest possible unit into which matter can be divided, while still maintaining its properties. Made up of: protons neutrons electrons - + For example, what is the smallest possible unit into which a long essay can be divided and still have some meaning? - + + - + + - -
+ Protons (+) Positively charged particles Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Protons (+) Positively charged particles Help make up the nucleus of the atom Help identify the atom (could be considered an atom’s DNA) Equal to the atomic number of the atom Contribute to the atomic mass Equal to the number of electrons + - +
Neutrons Neutral particles; have no electric charge Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Neutrons + - Neutral particles; have no electric charge Help make up the nucleus of the atom Contribute to the atomic mass
- Electrons (-) Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Negatively charged particles Found outside the nucleus in shells ( 1st = 2, 2nd = 8, 3rd = 8 or 18, etc…) Smaller than protons and neutrons Equal to the number of protons Involved chemical bonding of other atoms + - -
Hydrogen (H) Atom - Notice the one electron in the first orbital Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Hydrogen (H) Atom Notice the one electron in the first orbital + - = 1 = 0 - How many more electrons can fit in the 1st orbital/ level? + Even though there are no neutrons present, Hydrogen is still considered an atom
Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Oxygen (O) Atom Notice the two electrons in the first orbital/level and the six in the second + - = 8 How many more electrons can fit in the 2nd orbital/ level? - - - + + + + - - + + - - -
Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Sodium (Na) Atom Notice the two electrons in the first orbital/level, eight in the second, and one in the third + - = 11 = 12 - - - How many more electrons can fit in the 3rd orbital/ level? - + + + + - - - + + - - - -
+ The Atom’s “Center” - - - Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer The Atom’s “Center” Protons and neutrons are grouped together to form the “center” or nucleus of an atom. Notice that the electrons are not apart of the nucleus + - - -
What would be the atomic number of this atom? Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Atomic Number The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom - What would be the atomic number of this atom? + - -
+ Mass Number + Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus Expressed in Atomic Mass Units (amu) Each proton or neutron has a mass of 1 amu What would be the mass number of this atom? - + 3 4 + - 3 protons + 4 neutrons = a mass number of 7 amu Why did we not account for the electrons when calculating the mass number? -
I.S. Learning Goal: I can describe the features and components of the atom.
Today in I.S.… Week 2 Quarter 2 Tuesday 10/22/2013 Pick Up: Worksheets on table Have out: Worksheets you picked up I.S. Learning Goal: I can describe the features and components of the atom. Homework: Review notes and flash cards for Atomic Models and Structure Wednesday/Thursday!! Atomic Math Challenge due today for 20 Points Mind Map Activity due Wed/Thursday for 40 points Daily Question: What are the feature and components of the atom? Activities/Assignments: Review for Quiz Tomorrow!! Mind Map Activity Atomic Math Challenge due at the end of the hour! 40
Today in I.S.… Week 2 Quarter 2 Tuesday 10/22/2013 Pick Up: Have out: Your notebook and flash cards I.S. Learning Goal: I can describe the features and components of the atom. Homework: No Homework Today!! Daily Question: What are the feature and components of the atom? Activities/Assignments: Review vocabulary for Quiz Quiz: Atomic Models and Structure 41
Today in I.S.… Week 2 Quarter 2 Wednesday/Thursday 10/23-10/24 Pick Up: Worksheets on table Have out: Worksheets you picked up I.S. Learning Goal: I can describe the features and components of the periodic table. Homework: Periodic Table Worksheet due Friday 10/25 for 15 Points Daily Question: How is the Periodic Table organized? Activities/Assignments: 1. Quiz: Atoms and Atomic Structure Notes: Periodic Table and Families 3. Coloring and identifying families on the Periodic Table 42
Scale Yourself! LEARNING GOAL & SCALE 5 85% & Above What students will be able to apply by the end of this course? Students use scientific processes: questioning, planning and conducting investigations, using appropriate tools and techniques to gather data, thinking critically and logically about relationships between evidence and explanations, and communicating results. What students will be able to do by the end of this unit according to State Standards? Learning Goals: I can understand how to identify, categorize, and organize substances. 5 85% & Above In addition to Level 4, I can make connections to real-world applications and content in other Investigative Science units. 4 75% Mastery I can correctly: Describe substances based on their physical properties. Describe substances based on their chemical properties. Predict properties of elements and compounds using trends of the periodic table (e.g., metals, non-metals, bonding – ionic/covalent). Describe the following features and components of the atom: o protons o neutrons o electrons o mass o organization o structure o number and type of particles 3 60% I can correctly complete most of Level 4. 2 50% I can correctly complete Level 4 only with guidance. 1 25% I am unable to complete Level 4, even with guidance. Scale Yourself!
Complete the Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up Worksheet 12 minutes!!
Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet If there are only about 100 types of elements in the world, why are there so many different kinds of matter?
Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet Elements can combine in many different ways to form many different types of matter.
Coloring the Periodic Table Families Some images are from www.chem4kids.com
Families on the Periodic Table Elements on the periodic table can be grouped into families bases on their chemical properties. Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table. Elements in each family react differently with other elements.
ALKALI METALS Group 1 Hydrogen is not a member, it is a non-metal All are metals and solid at room temp Soft and silvery, shiny Very reactive, esp. with water Conduct electricity Image: http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups2.html
ALKALINE EARTH METALS Group 2 Metals Solids at room temp White, silvery Reactive, but less than Alkali metals Conduct electricity
TRANSITION METALS Metals Almost all are solids at room temp (Hg) Good conductors of heat and electricity. Can bond with many elements in a variety of shapes.
BORON FAMILY Group 3 3 electrons in the outer shell Most are metals Boron is a metalloid Reactive Solid at room temp
CARBON FAMILY Group 4 Carbon (C) Reactivity varies Solids at room temp
NITROGEN FAMILY Group 5 5 electrons in the outer shell Can share electrons to form compounds Nitrogen is the only gas at room temp, rest are solids
OXYGEN FAMILY Group 6 6 electrons in the outer shell Reactive Oxygen is a gas, the rest are solids at room temp
Halogens Group 7 7 electrons in the outer shell
Noble Gases Group 8 Exist as gases Non-metals 8 electrons in the outer shell = Full Helium (He) has only 2 electrons in the outer shell = Full Not reactive with other elements
Rare Earth Metals Some are Radioactive The rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals. Conduct electricity
Periods Each row is called a “period” The elements in each period have the same number of shells 1st Period = 1 Shell 2nd Period = 2 Shells 3rd Period = 3 Shells 4th Period = 4 Shells www.chem4kids.com
Groups Group 8 = 8 electrons Group 1 = 1 electron Except for He, it has 2 electrons Group 2 = 2 electrons 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Each column is called a “group” Each element in a group has the same number of electrons in their outer orbital, also known as “shells”. The electrons in the outer shell are called “valence electrons”
Metals - are on the left side Nonmetals – are on the right side Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet Metals - are on the left side Nonmetals – are on the right side Metalloids – are on a slanting line between the metals and nonmetals
Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet Where are the metals, nonmetals, and metalloids located in the periodic table?
Elements having properties of both metals and nonmetals. Metalloid Elements having properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet Germanium, with an atomic number of 32, is not a metal or a non-metal, but a metalloid. – Describe where metalloids are found on the periodic table, with respect to the metals and non-metals.
Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet Metalloids are found in between metals and non-metals on the periodic table. Their position tells us that they have some of the characteristics of metals and some characteristics of non-metals. For example, germanium conducts electricity, but not as well as true metals.
Elements are organized in the periodic table in such a way that there are patterns of elements placed close together that have similar properties. For example, knowing the properties of one element in a column of the periodic table will help a person predict the properties of other elements in that same column. –Describe two properties common to elements found at the far left of the periodic table. –Describe two properties common to elements found at the far right of the periodic table.
Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet On the far left side of the periodic table the elements are all metals. So, they are solids at room temperature and are good conductors of heat and electricity. One the far right side of the periodic table, the elements are gases at room temperature. They are colorless and non-reactive.
I.S. Learning Goal: I can describe the features and components of the atom.
Complete Forces of an Atom Graphic Organizer Gravitational Force The force of attraction of objects due to their masses The amount of gravity between objects depends on their masses and the distance between them Do you think this force plays a significant role in holding the atom together?
Electromagnetic Force Complete Forces of an Atom Graphic Organizer Electromagnetic Force The force that results from the repulsion of like charges and the attraction of opposites The force that holds the electrons around the nucleus + + + - - - Notice how the particles with the same charge move apart and the particles with different charges move together. Why are neutrons not pictured above?
Strong Force + + + + The force that holds the atomic nucleus together Complete Forces of an Atom Graphic Organizer Strong Force The force that holds the atomic nucleus together The force that counteracts the electromagnetic force Notice how the electromagnetic force causes the protons to repel each other but, the strong force holds them together. + + + + If you need help remembering strong force, just think of… Would an atom have a nucleus if the strong force did not exist? Mr. Jones
Weak Force This force plays a key role in the possible change of sub-atomic particles. For example, a neutron can change into a proton(+) and an electron(-) The force responsible for radioactive decay. Radioactive decay process in which the nucleus of a radioactive (unstable) atom releases nuclear radiation. Notice how the original particle changes to something new. + n - If you need help remembering weak force, just think of… Mike N.
I.S. Learning Goal: I can describe the features and components of the atom.
Today in I.S.… Week 2 Quarter 2 Friday 10/25/2013 Pick Up: Worksheets on table Have out: Worksheets you picked up I.S. Learning Goal: I can describe and identify components of the Periodic Table Homework: Review vocabulary terms for Quiz next week Review families on Periodic Table Find that Element Worksheet due 10/28/2013 for 10 points Daily Question: How is the Periodic Table organized? Activities/Assignments: Word Splash Activity Vocabulary word cut outs 75
Word Splash Activity! You are to make a story using each of the following words at least ONCE! Your story can be funny, serious, fiction or whatever! Just needs to be APPROPRIATE! Needs to include at least 5 pictures relating to the story, with a minimum of 6 colors Words to be used: Atoms, atomic number, mass number, Periodic Table, elements, compounds, periods, groups, family, electron, proton, nucleus, valence electrons, metalloid, Bohr, shells, clouds, atomic mass unit, chemical properties, neutron, matter