SMART MATERIALS By P.Shyamsundar Reddy 14001A0812 Department of Chemical Engg. JNTUACEA 1

CONTENTS  INTRODUCTION  SMART MATERIALS  COMPARISON BETWEEN MATERIALS  CLASSIFICATION OF SMART MATERIALS  APLLICATIONS  CONCLUSION  REFERENCES 2

INTRODUCTION TYPES OF MATERIALS Materials are grouped into five main categories, based on what they are made from: 1.Wood 2.Metals 3.Polymers 4.Ceramics 5.Composites Smartness in a scale of Intelligence Stupid – Dumb – Foolish – Trivial – Sensible – Smart/Clever – Intelligent – Wise Present smart materials are in the range from highly sensible to poorly intelligent level 3

SMART MATERIALS Smart materials are designed materials that have one or more properties that can be significantly changed in a controlled fashion by external stimuli and the environment. The external stimuli to which the smart materials are sensitive are  Stress  Temperature  Moisture  pH  Electric Fields  Magnetic Fields…… The associate changeable physical properties are shape, stiffness, viscosity etc.., The change in the material is reversible. 4

MaterialConductivityStrengthHardnessToughnessWeightCorrosion Resistance Cost Pine Very poorMedium/ low Low Low/ medium PoorLow MDF Very poorLow Low/ medium PoorLow Low-carbon steel Very good GoodVery goodHighPoorLow Stainless steel Very goodExcellentVery good HighGoodHigh HIPS Very poorMediumLowGoodLowVery goodLow Acrylic (PMMA) Very poorMediumLow/ medium GoodLowGoodMedium SMA Very good GoodVery goodMediumGoodHigh Source : COMPARISON BETWEEN MATERIALS 5

CLASSIFIATION OF SMART MATERIALS Type of Smart Material Input Output Piezoelectric Deformation Potential Difference Electro strictive Potential Difference Deformation Magneto strictive Magnetic Field Deformation Thermoelectric Temperature Potential Difference Photochromic Radiation Color Change Thermochromic Temperature Color Change Shape Alloy Materials Temperature Deformation 6

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pH-SENSITIVE POLYMERS  pH-Sensitive Polymers are materials that changes in volume when the pH of the surrounding medium changes.  There are two kinds of pH sensitive materials :  Acidic group (-COOH, -SO 3 H) Ex: Polyacids(Anionic Polymers)  Basic groups (-NH 2 ) Ex: Polybases(Cationic Polymers) Applications  Controlled Drug Delivery Systems  Separation Processes  Surface Modification etc.., 8

Source : Ed (Edgar181) - Own work, Public Domain, 9

CHROMOGENIC MATERIALS This group of materials refers to those which change their color in response to a change in their environment, leading to the suffix chromic. A variety of chromic materials exist and they are described in terms of the stimuli which initiate a change. THERMOCHROMIC MATERIALS Thermochromic materials change reversibly color with changes in temperature. Applications Inks Dyes Papers Plastics 10

ELECTROCHROMIC MATERIALS  These materials changes their optical behavior with the application of electronic voltage Applications  Smart Glass  Rear View Mirrors  Light-transmission devices for optical information and storage 11

PHOTOCHROMIC MATERIALS  Photochromic materials change reversibly color with changes in light intensity.  Changes from one color to another color are possible mixing photochromic colors with base colors.  They are used in paints, inks, and mixed to mould or casting materials for different applications. 12

SMART GELS These are the gels that can shrink or swell by several order of magnitude. Some of these can also be programmed to absorb release fluids in response to a chemical or physical stimulus. Applications Food Drug Delivary Artificial Muscle Fabrication 13

PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS These materials are able to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy and vice versa. Some popularly known piezoelectric materials are :Quartz, Aluminum Nitride, Barium Titanite, Lead …. Piezoelectric materials are being used for contact sensors for alarm systems and in microphones and headphones. 14

SMART MATERIALS RESEARCH UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENT DOMAINS  Materials and Systems  Design Optimization  Manufacturing and Quality Control  Mathematics  Electro-mechanics  Mechatronics  MEMS  Mechanics and Structures  Computer Hardware and Software  Dynamics and Vibrations 15

APPLICATIONS  AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY  AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY  RAILWAY INDUSTRY  AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY  CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY  SPORTS  MEDICAL INDUSTRY 16

CONCLUSION  Today, the most promising technologies for life time efficiency and improve reliability include the use of small material and structures.  Understanding and controlling the composition and microstructure of any new material are the ultimate objectives of research in these fields, and is crucial to the production of good smart materials.  New and advanced material will definitely enhanced our quality of our life. 17

REFERENCES  INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF SMART MATERIALS – AN OVERVIEW, Shreyas B R, Arunkumar N, Dept. of Aeronautical Engineering,Acharya Institute of Technology, Bangalore – ,Karnataka, India.  Smart Materials, Prof. Parihar A.A.1, Ms. Kajal D. khandagale2, Ms. Pallavi P. Jivrag3 ( Professor Mechanical Dept. MGM’s polytechnic Aurangabad) 1 (Student Mechanical Dept. MGM’s polytechnic Aurangabad)2,3.  Smart Materials and Structures, V. L. Sateesh CSIR- National Aerospace Laboratories,Pravartana 2016,IIT Kanpur, CSIR-NAL CSIR.  Smart Materials- Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining  Overview of Smart Materials, Bishakh Bhattacharya & Nachiketa Tiwari, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 18

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