Cell is structural and functional unit of life

 M.J. SCHLEIDEN & T. SCHWANN  BASIC UNIT OF LIFE CELL  ALL LIVING ORGANISMS ARE MADE UPOF CELLS.  ALL LIFE FUNCTIONS OCCUR WITHIN CELLS.  ALL CELLS ARISES FROM PRE-EXISTING CELLS

PROKARYOTIC CELL

PLANT CELLS

 AUTOTROPHIC  DO NOT SHOW LOCOMOTION  SHOWS CELL WALL AND PLASTIDS  VACUOLES ARE LARGE

ANIMAL CELL

CELL WALL

 PROTECTION AGAINST VARIATIONS IN TEMPERATURE,HIGH WIND SPEED, ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE  CELL WALL PROVIDE EXTRA PROTECTION.

CELL MEMBRANE

 CELL MEMBRANE /PLASMA MEMBRANE.  MADE UP OF PROTEINS, FATS AND LIPIDS.  ALLOWS NUTRIENTS TO ENTER AND REMOVE CELLULAR WASTE.  PROTECTIVE IN FUNCTION.

UNICELLULAR

PLASTIDS

 CHLOROPLAST:  CONSISTS GREEN COLOURED PIGMENT CHLOROPHYLL.  SITE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS.  STARCH PRODUCTION.

MITOCHONDRIA

 SMALL KIDNEY SHAPED ORGANELLES.  VARIOUS CHEMICAL PROCESSES.  ENERGY PRODUCTION.  “POWER HOUSE OF THE CELL ”  USE OXYGEN FOR GENERATING ENERGY.

RIBOSOMES

 ATTACHED TO ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM.  SCATTERED IN CYTOPLASM.  ASSOCIATED WITH PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

VACUOLES

 SAC LIKE STRUCTURE SURROUDED BY MEMBRANE.  STORES FOOD, ENZYME AND WASTE FOR SHORT PERIOD OF TIME.

NUCLEUS

 FOUND IN ALL EUKARYOTIC CELLS.  RED BLOOD CELLS (EXCEPTIONAL)  CONTROLS ALL ACTIVITY OF CELL.  SPHERICAL IN SHAPE.

 NUCLEUS CONSISTS OF THREAD LIKE STRUCTURE – CHROMOSOMES.  CHROMOSOMES CARRY GENES RESPONSIBLE FOR TRAITS OR CHARACTERS.  46 CHROMOSOMES IN HUMAN CELL.

NUCLEOLUS

MUSCLE CELLS

EGG CELL

NEURON CELLS

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

 NETWORK OF MEMBRANOUS TUBES.  HELPS IN TRANSPORTATION.  OFTEN FOUND ASSOCIATED WITH RIBOSOMES.

LYSOSOMES

 LYSOSOMES ARE KNOWN AS ‘ SUICIDAL BAGS’ HELP IN DIGESTION OF FOREIGN BODIES. WORN OUT CELL PARTS.

CENTRIOLES AND CENTROSOMES

 PRESENT ONLY IN ANIMAL CELLS.  IMPORTANT ROLE IN DIVISION OF CELL.