Application in Construction USC Application in Construction Viterbi School of Engineering .

Why automate construction? USC Why automate construction? Labor efficiency is alarmingly low Skilled workforce is vanishing Work quality is low Control of the construction site is insufficient and difficult Accident rate at construction sites is high (> 400,000 / year in US) Waste and trims are high (3 To 7 tons per average home; 40% of all materials used worldwide are for construction) Low income housing and emergency shelters are critical Construction is the largest sector of almost all economies All other products are fabricated automatically – construction is still largely a manual task Viterbi School of Engineering .

Construction productivity decline USC Construction productivity decline Labor productivity comparison for non-farm industries and construction industry developed by Paul Teicholz Construction Productivity index Non-farm productivity index Viterbi School of Engineering .

Edison’s concrete houses USC Edison’s concrete houses $175,000 for molds More than 2000 pieces 500,000 pounds Viterbi School of Engineering .

Automated construction in Japan USC Automated construction in Japan 89 single task construction robots 11 different automated construction systems Concrete Surface Treatment Robot This robot absorbs the water which remains after concrete has been set. Viterbi School of Engineering .

Big-Canopy high-rise pre-cast concrete construction system. USC Big-Canopy high-rise pre-cast concrete construction system. Used to construct the 26 storey pre-cast concrete 30,726m2 Yachiyodai Condominium building in Japan. The system realized a 60% reduction in labor requirements for the frame erection. Viterbi School of Engineering .

Form work cost structure USC Form work cost structure Viterbi School of Engineering .

USC ICF Homes Viterbi School of Engineering .

USC Viterbi School of Engineering .

USC Concrete filling Viterbi School of Engineering .

USC Insulation Viterbi School of Engineering .

USC Viterbi School of Engineering .

Construction by Contour Crafting USC Construction by Contour Crafting Viterbi School of Engineering .

What constitutes construction cost? USC What constitutes construction cost? Portion Due to If Automated by CC 20%-25% Financing Short project length and control of time to market will dramatically reduce this cost 25%-30% Materials Will be a wasteless process 45%-55% Labor Will be significantly reduced Viterbi School of Engineering .

Cavities made with CC and filled with concrete USC Cavities made with CC and filled with concrete Viterbi School of Engineering .

Creating hollow depositions USC Creating hollow depositions Viterbi School of Engineering .

Embedding Reinforcement USC Embedding Reinforcement Viterbi School of Engineering .

A straight wall builder USC A straight wall builder Viterbi School of Engineering .

Full scale wall sections USC Full scale wall sections Viterbi School of Engineering .

USC Viterbi School of Engineering .

USC Viterbi School of Engineering .

USC Viterbi School of Engineering .

Conventional and CC forms USC Conventional and CC forms Viterbi School of Engineering .

Conventional Structure Construction USC Conventional Structure Construction Viterbi School of Engineering .

Adobe structures – Ageless comfort and beauty USC Adobe structures – Ageless comfort and beauty House of Brojerdi Kashan Viterbi School of Engineering .

Interior of an Adobe house CalEarth Design USC Interior of an Adobe house CalEarth Design Viterbi School of Engineering .

House made with vaults and domes USC House made with vaults and domes Interior of an Adobe house CalEarth Design Viterbi School of Engineering .

A vault structure made of clay bricks (Source: Khalili, 2000) USC Ingenious methods Manual construction of adobe form structures using clay bricks (Source: Khalili, 2000) A vault structure made of clay bricks (Source: Khalili, 2000) Viterbi School of Engineering .

Free-standing Objects / Industrial parts USC Free-standing Objects / Industrial parts Viterbi School of Engineering .

Supportless structures created by CC USC Supportless structures created by CC Viterbi School of Engineering .

Adobe house Construction USC Adobe house Construction Viterbi School of Engineering .

Extraterrestrial Construction USC Extraterrestrial Construction Viterbi School of Engineering .

USC Deployable CC Viterbi School of Engineering .

USC Lunar Construction Viterbi School of Engineering .

USC Road construction Viterbi School of Engineering .