EOC Live Lesson Modules 3

Early 19th century foreign policy: Expansionism policy of growing a nation's physical territory or political influence Monroe Doctrine (1823)- stated that the Western Hemisphere was off limits to further European intervention Sphere of Influence- US could intervene in the affairs of other American nations, but European countries could not Manifest Destiny- belief that God wanted the United States to reach from the Atlantic to the Pacific Isolationism- policy of refraining from involvement in global affairs. US stayed isolated to focus on

“Big Stick Policy” Roosevelt Corollary- US should intervene on behalf of foreign powers if Latin America nations did not meet their agreements Imperialism- policy of creating new colonies in weaker nations in order to generate raw materials and have access to new markets Imperialism was influenced by: Historian Frederick Jackson Turner's Thesis- Americans should seek a new frontier, one in foreign lands, because this would help Americans maintain their inventive and energetic spirits Alfred T. Nathan's the influence of sea power upon history (1890)-argued a strong navy was vital to the long term success of great powers. Also, safe shipment of goods

Territorial Expansion Spanish-American war Teller Amendment: US would help Cuba gain independence and then withdraw troops Yellow Journalism War ended with the signing of the Platt Amendment: limited Cuba's rights as a sovereign nation; US was given the right to intervene in Cuban affairs After the war, America gained control of Guantanamo Bay, Puerto Rico, Guam, Phillipines Territorial Expansion

1899- All trading powers had free access to China's trading ports Open Door Policy

Panama Canal US anticipated trouble with Spain Decreased travel between east and west coats 40 mile passageway 5,000 workers died (yellow fever); Cost $375 million Opened in August 1914 Panama Canal

Helped end war between Russia and Japan by getting both sides to sign the Treaty of Portsmouth Roosevelt given Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 US as Peacemaker!

WWI- The Great War-The Forgotten War Causes Militarism Alliances Nationalism Imperialism Assassination WWI- The Great War-The Forgotten War

Wanted to stay neutral, but we were tied economically to Europe. Lent money to allies Immigration from Europe stopped, affecting factories American Response

US entered WW1 after the sinking of the Lusitania by German U-Boats- 128 Americans died Sussex Pledge- Germans would stop passenger ships to make sure they were not carrying weapons Zimmerman Note- secret message sent by Germany proposing an alliance with Mexico against the US America Fights

Alliances Allies Central Powers USA Germany Great Britain France Italy Russia Central Powers Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Alliances

Mobilize for War Prepare economy by mass-producing war materials. Selective Service Act- Men 21-30 had to register for random selection to military service Paid for war by selling War bonds Espionage Act & Sedition Act- crime to help the enemy and say anything disloyal to the US Government Mobilize for War

Trench Warfare Tanks Poison Gas Airplanes New Kind of War

Women and Minority Groups Nurses Worked in Factories Took care of the whole household Given the right to vote (19th Amendment) after WW1 Minority Groups Fought despite discrimination African Americans were in segregated units. Received better treatment under French Command Hispanic Americans with limited English sent to centers to improve their language skills. Placed in non-combative roles Women and Minority Groups

President Wilson’s 14 Points- President Wilson’s recommendations to ensure peace. No Secret Treaties All nations should reduce arms Creation of the League of Nations League of Nations- An association of nations formed after WW1 designed to solve disputes between nations. (US never joined) Treaty of Versailles- punished Germany Germany had to pay $33 million in war reparations Occupied land taken away Germany’s colonies taken away Prohibited from raising an army End of WWI

Thank You for Coming! Any Questions? Remember to Submit Collaboration Project and Assessment! Next EOC Review- 3/10! Any Questions?