Metals Chemistry

Learning Goals To be able to explain the properties of metals within the periodic table

Properties of Metals Metals are usually shiny Metals are good conductors of electricity and thermal energy; property is called conductivity Metals are solid at room temperature, except mercury (Hg) Most metals are malleable and ductile

Important Families Metals are located to the left of the staircase There are two chemical families we will learn about: the alkali metals (group 1), and the alkaline earth metals (group 2) Metals in the middle of the periodic table are called transition metals The remaining metals are referred to as other metals The most reactive metals are at the bottom of the table (e.g. Fr)

Group 1 – Alkali Metals Consists of the elements below hydrogen in the first column of the periodic table, starting with lithium Members of this chemical family are highly reactive Reactivity is due to the single electron in the outermost energy level Reactivity increases as you go down the group

Group 2 – Alkaline Earth Metals Consists of the elements in the second column Includes beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) These metals have two electrons in their outermost energy levels and are very reactive The reactivity also increases as you go down the group

Other Metals Everything else left of the staircase NOT hydrogen!

Interesting Uses and Applications Mixtures of metals are called alloys Brass is an alloy made of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) Stainless steel is mostly iron (Fe) mixed with nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) Gold (Au) and silver (Ag) are the main metals used in fine jewellery Metals can be added to glass and fireworks to create different colours

Hidden Hazards Some people are allergic to the nickel (Ni) found in some earrings and jewellery Ingesting “heavy metals” such as mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) can cause damage to internal organs, including the brain Lead can also be found in leaded glass for drinking , and plumbing pipes

Success Criteria I CAN describe the properties of metals I CAN locate the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and other metals on the periodic table

To Do… Video Demonstrations Worksheet Element Poster (due today) Bohr Rutherford Diagrams (due today)