Warm-Up Based on these images, what are 2 assumptions you can make about life in Central & South America before Europeans arrival? Be prepared to share!

What do you already know about the Maya, Aztec, and Inca?

Pre-Columbian America: the Maya, Aztec & Inca Learning Goal 2: Compare the major political, economic, social and technological developments of the Mayan, Incan and Aztec civilizations. (6A)

Maya, Aztec, and Inca Central & Southern American civilizations Time period ranges from 200 BC to 1521 CE Overlaps with the Roman Empire, Medieval Europe, Byzantine Empire, Islamic Empire, Tang & Song Dynasties, the Mongols – and more! Well-known for their monumental structures, human sacrifice, and farming techniques

Aztec, Maya & Inca Comparison Chart

Step 1: Partners Independent reading OR reading aloud to each other You will be assigned 1 civilization & 1 partner. Your task: fully and accurately complete your civilization’s column What this should look like: Independent reading OR reading aloud to each other If helpful, marking up your text with notes or underlines Using your partner as a resource, a teammate: ask each other questions Making sure each other has all the necessary information Later you will be teaching this information to your classmates so be thorough!

Step 1: Partners 8th In partners, complete the column for your assigned group Aztec (blue) Maya (green) Inca (white)

Step 2: Groups *Papers In small groups, you will each TEACH your assigned civilization You need to read & explain each aspect of the civilization What this should look like: 2 roles: “student teacher and student One student “teacher” talking Other students asking questions to clarify Students recording their information as the student ‘teacher” talks

Maya, Aztec, and Inca: Comparison When your group is done, you should begin on the back- comparison assignment

Aztecs Ruled by kings Trade routes, cacao beans as currency Frequently traded with the Maya Polytheistic Human sacrifice & bloodletting Centered around the city of Tenochtitlan (modern day Mexico City) built on an island in Lake Texcoco Chinampa method of agriculture

Tenochtitlan

Chinampa method of farming (Aztec)

Maya Central America City states (often at war) Polytheistic Human sacrifice & bloodletting Believed gods required nutrients from humans Only used prisoners of war (POWs) for Cities as trade centers and to worship gods Filled with monumental structures Developed accurate calendar(s) Monumental structures Maize = main crop Slash-and-burn agriculture

Slash and burn agriculture (Maya)

Inca South America Polytheistic Divided into social classes Mita: labor tax paid by the commoners Government controlled economy Terrace farming so they could grow crops despite the mountains Advanced engineers Machu Picchu, suspension bridges Built elaborate road system through mountains Developed quipu for keeping records No written language!

Inca roads & suspension bridges

Terrace farming

Quipu (for record keeping) Could have as many as 1500 strings! How meaning was determined: Color shades Position on string Distance from center Type of knot Used for recording numerical data

Next step: Matching Activity Working with your elbow partner*, correctly categorize the descriptors with their correct civilization When you are done, raise your hand Coach Gates or Mrs. Mitrowski/Hart will check yours After, you will complete the written comparison on the back of your chart & complete the map (map will be projected). *middle row will be assigned partners

Map: Maya, Aztec, and Inca You can remember it through AMI: Aztec Maya Inca

Step 2: Groups 7th Tyreek, Danielle, Riley, Michael Jonathan, Andrew, Alex, Jeni Zach K, Erika, Tristan, Ashley Adrianna, Jalen, Kacy, Abby Mark A, Cameron, Preslie Sanjana, Jacky, Xavier Jason, Aaron E, Mark K, Hunter Jose, Zach T, Jakiya, Ashlee

Exit Ticket First: Did we accomplish our learning goal? Which civilization would you prefer to have lived in: the Maya, Aztec, or Inca? In a well-written sentence or short paragraph, answer the prompt with at least three reasons to support your choice. What are things that would impact your decision?

Video Clip Inca Engineers: Machu Picchu http://www.history.com/topics/inca/videos/machu-picchu?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false The Rise of the Incas http://www.history.com/topics/inca/videos What happened to the Aztecs? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i3kWJfkqT0g Rise and Fall of the Maya

Step 1: Partners 7th In partners, complete the column for your assigned group Aztec (blue) Maya (green) Inca (white)

Next step Pass forward your readings Aztec: Corner by the door Inca: Front of room by screen Maya: Right by chalkboard/window