2006/12/05ICS Home Automation Examples of WSN: (iPower: An Energy Conservation System for Intelligent Buildings) Yu-Chee Tseng (appeared in ICS 2006)

2006/12/05 ICS Introduction According to statistics more than 1/3 of energy consumption is spent on HVAC systems, which include heating, ventilating, air conditioning, and other related equipments. Energy saving exploit the context information of an environment to automatically control the usage of electric appliances

2006/12/05 ICS iPower System iPower (intelligent and personalized energy- conservation system by wireless sensor networks) system reduce energy consumption of HVAC systems by exploiting the context-aware capability of sensors provide personalized services in which electric appliances can be automatically adjusted to satisfy users preferences.

2006/12/05 ICS System Architecture (1/2) System architecture Sensor nodes Form a multi-hop WSN to collect information in the environment WSN gateways Four major functionalities gathering data from nodes of the WSN reporting the rooms condition to the control server issuing commands to nodes of the WSN maintaining the WSN periodically broadcast heart- beat messages to the WSN sensor node will reply an alive message to the WSN gateway

2006/12/05 ICS System Architecture (2/2) System architecture Control server collect the systems status make a smart decision to control electric appliance devices perform power-saving decisions Power-line control devices turn on/off or adjust the electric appliances User identification devices portable devices that can be carried by users so that the system can determine users IDs and retrieve their profiles

2006/12/05 ICS Energy Conservation Scenarios p pressure sensor abnormal Energy Saving normal state smart desk Room A: Electric appliances are turned on but nobody is in the room. abnormal state AC is on but nobody in the room Electricity is wasted no user identification device is detected server will send a alarm message to room A alarm message trigger the beeper on sensor nodes beeps imply that the system will turn off electric appliances after k minutes, system will turn off electric appliances Room D: Electric appliances and smart furniture when to turn on a lamp pressure sensor detects a person the sensor on the chair is nearby the sensor on the lamp (in communication distance) when to turn off a lamp pressure sensor detects no person lamp is on Room E: Electric appliances are turned off. normal state AC is off no one in the room Room B: Electric appliances are turned on and somebody is in the room normal state AC is on and somebody is in the room the person carries on a user identification device system detects someone in the room no action will be taken Room C: Electric appliances are turned on and somebody is in the room normal state AC is on and somebody is in the room the person doesnt carry on a user identification device server will send a alarm message to room A 1) alarm message 2) user intentional behavior making some noise by clapping covering any sensor with a light sensor to change its light reading 3) system will cancel turning off electric appliances 4) after 2k minutes, go back to step1

2006/12/05 ICS Message Flows in the iPower System

2006/12/05 ICS Personalized Services and User Profiles Personalized Services Electric appliances can be automatically adjusted to satisfy users preference Create a profile in the servers database to record users preference User should carry a identification device An example of user profile.

2006/12/05 ICS Protocol Stack User layer Service layer Profile layer Sensor layer Actuator layer

2006/12/05 ICS Implementation of iPower System Hardware devices MICAz mote X10 devices User Interface Monitor area Configure area Attribute area monitor area configure area attribute area

2006/12/05 ICS Conclusion iPower System energy conservation in an intelligent building provide personalized services automatically adjust electric appliances to users preference avoid unnecessary electricity consumption of the HVAC system turn off the unnecessary electric appliances achieve energy conservation