The First Great Awakening

Learning Objectives Understand how mercantilism lead to diverging interests between European leaders and British Colonists in the Americas Explain the characteristics of religious belief associated with the First Great Awakening Identify and discuss the ideas of Jonathan Edwards, one of the leading preachers associated with the First Great Awakening using primary sources

Agenda Discuss Document Based Question Formal assignment and rubric Last presentation Go Over Quiz Great Awakening lecture and primary source activity If we have time Crash Course Review (10 min) if you are a senior please watch this at home if we don’t get to it.

Conflicting Goals Up until the mid 17th century Britain had left colonies more or less autonomous mid and late 17th century the Economic goals of European leaders diverged from those of colonial citizens. Britain begain to practice Mercantilism- The main goal was to increase a nation's wealth by imposing government regulation concerning all of the nation's commercial interests. It was believed that national strength could be maximized by limiting imports via tariffs and maximizing exports.

Key Disagreements Navigation Act- Introduced in 1651 Required all trade to be carried out on English ships. Certain enumerated goods such as tobacco, sugar and indigo could only be exported be shipped to England Ireland or another English Colony before going to a foreign port Enriched English merchants but burdened planters Wool Act 1699- Banned the export of wool from the colonies

Key conflicts Molasses Act- Passed in 1733 Levied high duties on molasses from the French Indies but none from the British colonies. Lead to wide spread and popularly supported smuggling Smuggling not often convicted in court

Enlightenment Thinkers and the Colonies John Locke (1632-1707) Wrote Second Treatise of Government Civil society is created to protect property, defined as "life, liberty, and estate" All men are created equal Society exists under a social contract in which if breached people have a right to revolt “By this breach of Trust they forfeit the Power, the People had put into their hands, for quite contrary ends, and it devolves to the People, who have a Right to resume their original Liberty.”

The First Great Awakening Middle of 18th Century emotional religious conversions from a state of sin to a "new birth” No single set of doctrines or organizational structure emphasized personal faith rather than conformity to doctrine Dramatic and powerful preaching, sometimes outdoors, by itinerant preachers in front of crowds of thousands Characterized by the emotional enthusiasm of its participants (e.g. weeping, fainting)

The First Great Awakening Contrast with the more staid and formal worship of traditional Anglican and Congregational services The Great Awakening led several Protestant denominations to support missionaries who aimed to convert Native Americans to Christianity, especially in New England and the mid-Atlantic region. The Awakening also led to the creation of new colleges— including Princeton, Brown, and Rutgers—to train "New Light" ministers. The Baptist and Methodist churches were among its most important products.

Counter to the Enlightenment As explained by historian Christine Leigh Heyrman, "a new Age of Faith rose to counter the currents of the Age of Enlightenment, to reaffirm the view that being truly religious meant trusting the heart rather than the head, prizing feeling more than thinking, and relying on biblical revelation rather than human reason”

Sinners at the Hands of an Angry God In what context (at what time and in what place) did Edwards deliver this sermon? Who would have represented Edwards' "ideal" audience? What message does Edwards convey in this passage? What reactions do Edwards' carefully crafted images attempt to evoke? Did Edwards employ vocabulary with which are you unfamiliar?

Video Review First a introduction to the Seven-Years War (French- Indian War) and the great Awakening brought to you by John Green.