International Conference on Energy Efficiency Renovation in Residential Buildings Sector Dr. Tudor Constantinescu Executive Director Buildings Performance Institute Europe June Budapest

Buildings Performance Institute Europe (BPIE) EU Level Energy & Climate Package Legal Framework Energy data in Central / Eastern Europe Governmental level Policies / Legislation Funds

Independent, non-profit organisation based in Brussels Focus on energy efficiency in buildings throughout Europe & the world Supported by eceee, European Climate Foundation, Climate Works etc. Centre of expertise in buildings European centre for a global best practice network Targeted research, policy analysis & evaluation, exploration of policy options & implications, dissemination of information Started to operate in February 2010

Establishment of legally binding targets to: Cut GHG emissions by 20% compared to 1990 levels Increase share of renewable energy to 20% by 2020 Reduce primary energy use by 20% compared with projected levels by improving energy efficiency Top priorities in terms of energy efficiency potential: Building sector (40% of energy requirements in EU) Transport sector (26% of energy requirements in EU) Manufacturing sector (25% of energy requirements in EU)

End use efficiency and energy services Directive (ESD) Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) Directive on promotion of cogeneration (CHP) Directives for labelling of appliances (e.g. air-conditioners & refrigerators) plus Energy Star regulation for office equipment Framework Directive for eco-design requirements for energy using products (boilers, refrigerators, freezers, ballasts for fluorescent lights) Directive on energy products and electricity taxation

Non-OECD Europe OECD OECD Europe

1992 Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, FYR Macedonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Poland, Slovakia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Malta, Slovenia, Cyprus

Energy Intensity CIS Transition scores CEE Transition scores Average transition scores and energy intensity of ECT countries in transition Based on data in the EBRD Transition report 2009 and the IEA Key World Energy Statistics 2009

Residential Energy Consumption (heating, lighting, cooking, electrical appliances), Key influencing factors, Policies GDP/Capita Disposable income Energy Prices Behaviour Techniques / Technologies Specific EE policies / measures Energy conumption and efficiency Energy Prices Climate

Policy making (objectives, priorities, targets) Legislation and regulatory systems (EE laws, but also e.g. prices, DSM, obligations on energy suppliers – e.g. UK EE Commitments) Institutions (e.g. EE Agencies) EE funds Specific measures directed to support financing EE

Efficient use of natural resources (e.g. oil, gas, hydro) for sustainable development Develop alternatives of supply Increase EE throughout the energy cycle (production, conversion, end-use), improve infrastructure Increase the share of RES Minimise environmental impacts

Example: EPBD (2002) Implementation summary Based on RICS study on: 'Towards an Energy Efficient European Building stock' 2009

Total of 1,796 m EU funds for EE measures for in Czech Republic, Hungary, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Slovakia ERDF regulation « In each MS, expenditure on energy efficiency and renewable energy in existing housing shall be eligible up to an amount of 4% of the total ERDF allocation» Bulgaria 91m for energy efficient & renewable measures in public schools, universities and social units Latvia 63m for heat insulation in multi-apartment residential buildings and 35m for co-generation power plants Hungary 154m for energy efficient measures EE & RE Funds as share of total Structural and Cohesion Funds for

Direct support programmes – subject to certain requirements; mainly for residential sector; risk of free riders (objectives, priorities, targets); Ex: F, Hu, Nl, Pl, S Soft finance - free loans and grants covering interests and guarantees; Ex: Cz, Hu, Nl, Li, Ro District Heating and CHP grants; Ex: Hu, Dk (70% savings, 30% of resources allocated) Other financing instruments (Technology procurement, voluntary agreements…) Taxation (tax-shift, VAT, accelerated depreciation)

ESD targets (min 9% by 2016) RES targets ( , 20%) ETS - 21% CO2 targets (20%) National responses required to EU wide objectives

POTENTIAL High potential in housing sector (40% of GHG emissions in CEE countries) High potential for energy efficient refurbishment in housing sector as most of old high-rise building stock requires renovation in CEE e.g. in Hungary 24% of all buildings need a comprehensive refurbishment, whereas 40% need to be partially refurbished BENEFITS Reduction of the need for energy imports and dependency on Russia Competitiveness gains linked to increased local investments New employment opportunities (e.g. in the housing sector, it is estimated up to 185,000 new jobs in the CEE-10) Local knowledge and innovation Based on findings of study conducted by Friends of Europe Earth and bankwatch network