Powerpoints Period Two

by Dana C, Rachel C, and Trevor C

What are organic compounds? They are compounds that contain carbon Organic means of living things Organic compounds can be found in products of living things and in materials produced in labs and factories

More on organic compounds… They are part of the solid matter of every organism They are part of products made from organisms Example: Paper from wood of trees Petroleum, or crude oil, is what the raw material of what most manufactured organic compounds are made of

Properties of organic compounds Low melting and boiling points Liquid or gas at room temperature Have strong odors Dont conduct electric current Dont dissolve in water

Hydrocarbons Team 2 Alex C. Mikayla F. Axel D. Paladin G.

Hydrocarbons A hydrocarbon is a compound that contains only the elements carbon and hydrogen. A hydrocarbon is a compound that contains only the elements carbon and hydrogen.

Properties of Hydrocarbons Like many other organic compounds hydrocarbons mix poorly with water. Like many other organic compounds hydrocarbons mix poorly with water. Hydrocarbons are flammable. Hydrocarbons are flammable. When hydrocarbons burn they release a great deal of energy. When hydrocarbons burn they release a great deal of energy. Hydrocarbons are used for fuel in stoves. Hydrocarbons are used for fuel in stoves.

Chemical Formulas of Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons compound differ in the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in each molecule. The simplest hydrocarbon is methane. The formula for hydrocarbon is CH4. A hydrocarbon with two carbon atoms is ethane. Ethane is made up of 2 carbon atoms. A hydrocarbon with 3 carbon atoms is propane.

Structure of Hydrocarbons The carbon chains in a hydrocarbon may be straight, branched, or ring-shaped. The carbon chains in a hydrocarbon may be straight, branched, or ring-shaped. If it has 2 or more carbon atoms, the atoms can form a single line (straight chain) If it has 2 or more carbon atoms, the atoms can form a single line (straight chain)

Structural Formula Structural formula shows the kind, number, and arrangement of atoms in a molecule. Structural formula shows the kind, number, and arrangement of atoms in a molecule.

Isomers-Double Bonds and Triple Bonds Team 4s 8-2 section Pgs By: Emily Fleming, Jacob DeVore, and Diamond Escobedo Team 4s 8-2 section Pgs By: Emily Fleming, Jacob DeVore, and Diamond Escobedo

Isomers Compounds that have the same chemical formula, but different structural formulas. Compounds that have the same chemical formula, but different structural formulas.C4H10 H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H-C-C-C-C-H H-C----C-----C-H H H H H | H H H H | H-C-H H-C-H H Butane^ Isobutane^ Compounds that have the same chemical formula, but different structural formulas. Compounds that have the same chemical formula, but different structural formulas.C4H10 H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H-C-C-C-C-H H-C----C-----C-H H H H H | H H H H | H-C-H H-C-H H Butane^ Isobutane^

Isomers (cont) Each isomer is a different substance with its own characteristic properties Each isomer is a different substance with its own characteristic properties 1. Butane and isobutane are isomers that have different melting and boiling points Each isomer is a different substance with its own characteristic properties Each isomer is a different substance with its own characteristic properties 1. Butane and isobutane are isomers that have different melting and boiling points

Double Bonds and Triple Bonds Two carbon atoms can form a single, double bond or a triple bond Two carbon atoms can form a single, double bond or a triple bond A carbon atom can also form a single or double bond with an oxygen atom. A carbon atom can also form a single or double bond with an oxygen atom. 1. A single bond is represented with a single line (C-C) 2. A double bond is represented with two dashes (C=C) 3. A triple bond is represented with three dashes (C=C) Two carbon atoms can form a single, double bond or a triple bond Two carbon atoms can form a single, double bond or a triple bond A carbon atom can also form a single or double bond with an oxygen atom. A carbon atom can also form a single or double bond with an oxygen atom. 1. A single bond is represented with a single line (C-C) 2. A double bond is represented with two dashes (C=C) 3. A triple bond is represented with three dashes (C=C)

Substituted Hydrocarbons and Compounds containing Halogens By Alex Maurice, Lydia Hernandez, Caleb Rabbon, Trevor Giannini

Substituted Hydrocarbons A substituted hydrocarbon is when one atom of another element is substituted for a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon A substituted hydrocarbon is when one atom of another element is substituted for a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon: They only contain carbon hydrogen Hydrocarbon: They only contain carbon hydrogen Carbon can form stable bond with oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. Carbon can form stable bond with oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. Substituted Hydrocarbons include halogen-containing compounds, alcohols and organic acids. Substituted Hydrocarbons include halogen-containing compounds, alcohols and organic acids.

If just one atom of another element is substituted for a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon, a different compound is created If just one atom of another element is substituted for a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon, a different compound is created In some substances hydrocarbons, on or more hydrogen atoms replace hydrogen atoms. Recall that the only halogen family includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. In some substances hydrocarbons, on or more hydrogen atoms replace hydrogen atoms. Recall that the only halogen family includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

One compound Freon was widely used for refrigeration and air conditioners. How ever it is a very hazardous compound that is said to hurt the environment. One compound Freon was widely used for refrigeration and air conditioners. How ever it is a very hazardous compound that is said to hurt the environment.

Alcohols and Organic Acids By: Aly, Autumn, Brys, and Nolan

Alcohol An Alcohol is a substituted hydrocarbon that contains one or more hydroxyl groups Most alcohols dissolve well in water They have higher boiling points than hydrocarbons with a similar number of carbons Methanol is a liquid at room temperature Methane is a gas at room temperature

Organic Acids An Organic Acid is a substituted hydrocarbon that contains one or more carboxyl groups The carboxyl group is written as COOH Lemons, oranges, and grapefruits are examples of things that have organic acids in them

Methanal Methane Vodka Beer Whiskey Rubbing Alcohol

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Esters and Polymers By: Gabi, Campbell, Eric, Ashley, Thomas

Esters A compound made by chemically combining an alcohol and an organic acid. Many esters have pleasant fruity fragrances.

Examples of Esters! Bananas! Strawberries! Apples! Pineapples! Ingredients in medicine including Aspirin, anesthetic used by dentists.

Polymers A polymer a very large molecule that consists of smaller monomers that are a linked together in a chain. Organic compounds such as alcohols, esters, and others can be linked together to build polymers with thousands or even millions of atoms.

Examples of Polymers Wool and cotton fibers. Silk Synthetic polymers are made in factories. Polyester (synthetic polymer) Plastic (synthetic polymer)