Colorectal Cancer

What is Colorectal Cancer? Cancer that begins in the colon or rectum The colon and rectum are both parts of the large intestine Third most common cancer in the USA Colon cancer is the third most common cancer, this stat doesn’t include skin cancers

Colon Cancer Statistics Affects both men and women 1 in 22 of men will have colon cancer 1 in 24 of women will have colon cancer In 2018 it is estimated there will be: 97,220 new cases of colon cancer 43,030 new cases of rectal cancer

Types of Colon Cancer Adenocarcinomas Other less common types of tumors may also start in the colon and rectum. These include: Carcinoid tumors Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) Lymphomas Sarcomas

Risk Factors A diet that is high in red meats and processed meats Lack of physical activity Obesity Smoking Heavy alcohol use Chances increase greatly after age 50 History of colorectal polyps Family or individual history of colon cancer Type II Diabetes

Signs and Symptoms of Colon Cancer A change in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, constipation, or narrowing of the stool, lasting more than a few days A feeling that you need to have a bowel movement that is not relieved by doing so Rectal bleeding Blood in the stool which may make it look dark Cramping or abdominal pain Weakness and fatigue Unintended weight loss Colorectal cancers can bleed. While sometimes the blood can be seen or cause the stool to become darker, often the stool looks normal. The blood loss can build up over time, though, and lead to low red blood cell counts (anemia). Sometimes the first sign of colorectal cancer is a blood test showing a low red blood cell count.

Tests to Detect Colon Cancer High-sensitivity fecal occult blood tests (FOBT) Sigmoidoscopy Standard (or optical) colonoscopy Cologuard® Virtual colonoscopy Double-contrast barium enema Single-specimen guaiac FOBT done in a doctor's office

Treatments of Colon Cancer Local Treatment Ablation Surgery Radiation Therapy Systemic Treatment Chemotherapy Targeted Therapy Immunotherapy Ablation- non invasive way of breaking up tumors Targeted therapy- medications that specifically target genes that are known to be expressed in cancer

Survival Rates

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References http://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal http://www.mdanderson.org/patient-and-cancer-information/cancer-information/cancer-types/colon-cancer/colorectal-full.jpg http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/statistics/ http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/statistics/race.htm http://www.cancer.org/cancer/colonandrectumcancer/detailedguide/colorectal-cancer-risk-factors http://www.cancer.org/cancer/colonandrectumcancer/detailedguide/colorectal-cancer-signs-and-symptoms https://i.ytimg.com/vi/N2WkSgm076w/maxresdefault.jpg http://userfiles.steadyhealth.com/userfiles/articles/early_signs_of_colon_cancer.jpg http://www.cancer.org/cancer/colonandrectumcancer/detailedguide/colorectal-cancer-what-is-colorectal-cancer http://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal/screening-fact-sheet http://www.cancer.org/cancer/colonandrectumcancer/detailedguide/colorectal-cancer-treating-by-stage-colon http://www.molecularonc.com/mor/images/mor010118table1.jpg http://cdn.healthworks.my/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/colorectal-cancer-screening.jpg