CS 1308 Exam 2 Review

Exam Format The above are approximations 105 Total Points 25 Points Short Answer 20 Points Fill in the Blank 15 Points T/F 45 Points Multiple Choice The above are approximations

Example Short Answer What are the three parts of the execution cycle?

Example T/F problem T F The ALU is not part of the CPU.

Example Multiple Choice How many bits are in a byte? A) 4 B) 8 C) 10 D) 16 E) 256

Building the CPU Truth tables Understand example CE circuit from class 20 Points Boolean logic (AND, OR, NOT) Gates, circuits, truth tables Truth tables AND, OR, NOT Draw a truth table from a circuit Understand example CE circuit from class

Putting it All Together 25 Points All information is digital The more bits you have, the more different things you can represent 2bits is a formula for determining the number of things you can represent Von Neumann Architecture Data and instructions stored in memory and logically the same Should be able to draw it (with labels)

Putting it all Together (cont.) Memory RAM Store and Fetch Cache Input/ Output Secondary storage is much slower than RAM Why might your program run faster if you add more RAM?

Putting it all Together (cont.) Central Processing Unit (CPU) Instruction Sets Machine Language Control Unit / Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) Execution Cylce - Fetch/Decode/Execute Registers (Program Counter, Instruction Pointer, Accumulator)

Building Software 8 Points Phases of development High-level Language Requirements gathering Writing Specifications Writing the Code Testing Maintenance and Support The longest of the phases High-level Language Closer to English Compiler Converts a high level language program to machine language for a particular computer.

System Software and File Systems 15 Points Operating systems Basic Input/Output (BIOS) What are the main functions of the OS? What resources does the OS manage? Know some of the names of the main Operating Systems (Windows, Mac, Unix, Linux) File Systems File Types Text vs. Binary File protection Files need to be world readable to be shared on the web Directory Trees Absolute vs. Relative Paths Current directory “.” Parent Directory “..”

Information Systems 20 points Spreadsheets Databases Cells Values Formulas =A1+B1….common form of a formula IF, SUM, AVERAGE Concepts from homework assignment Databases Relational Databases Information stored in Tables Keys Relationships Every field should have just one piece of data and no data should be duplicated Structured Query Language (SQL) used to add, modify, delete database content

Digital Audio 5 Points What is sound? Analog vs Digital representation of sound What is sampling? Sampling rate (44.1 kHz) Sampling depth (bits per sample, e.g. 16 for CD quality) File size of sampled file MPEG Compression What is it? What factors influence compression? Be able to estimate the size of a file based on the sampling rate and bit depth.

Homework Assignments 20 points Do each assignment and understand what you did. Remember something about the assignment details. For example, “I imported a plain text file into Google Docs.” Remember what tools you used for what task. You will not have to know the details of what key or menu item to use for a specific task. Remember something about the assignment details. For example, “I had to figure out the mileage by car and by foot to my elementary school.” You will have to know simple formulas for spreadsheets.

How to Study Look at homework assignments. Use study groups. Read the book. Memorize, but understand. Don’t stay up late!! Get some sleep and eat a good breakfast.

What to bring Pencils and erasers We will provide scratch paper No calculators or cell phones

Questions