In your Interactive Notebook: Unit.Day 4.7 Brainstem & Brain Imaging

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In your Interactive Notebook: Unit.Day 4.7 Brainstem & Brain Imaging Unit 4 – Biological Basis of Behavior ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS: How do nature and nurture interact? How does biology influence behavior? Daily Commentary: What brain structure includes the medulla? If your personality changed, would you be the same person? Today’s Plan: Anatomy of a Teenage Brain Lecture/notes on brain structure Work & research time Superhero project Brian and Driving Quick Review

TODAY’s PLAN & Assignments DUE Unit Plan Lesson 1: done Lesson 2: done Lesson 3: done Lesson 4 & 5: today Quiz after lesson 4 Lesson 5: today Lesson 6: Today Lesson 7: Today & Tomorrow Lesson 8: Wednesday Review Packets Due: WEDNESDAY Superhero Presentations: THURSDAY Unit Test: FRI, Nov 18 Upcoming Units: States of Consciousness Motivation & Learning Disorders & Therapies HOMEWORK Assigned: For Lesson 6: Readings / Online Modules See Lesson Map Myers 67-74 Module #11 Superhero “Project” For Lesson 7: Readings: Myers 74-82; Griggs 56-64 Module #12 For Lesson 8: Readings: Myers 82-91; Griggs 62-64; Articles: “Left Brain knows what the Right Hand is Doing.” “Phantom Pain” Modules: #12 & #13

2nd – go to limbic system first

The Hippocampus Hippocampus -- limbic System structure crucial to memory formation Key to encoding of information OBJECTIVE 13| Describe the structures and functions of the limbic system, and explain how one of these structures controls the pituitary gland.

The Cerebral Cortex The intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebral hemispheres. It is the body’s ultimate control and information processing center. OBJECTIVE 14| Define cerebral cortex and explain its importance fro the human brain.

Structure of the Cortex Each brain hemisphere is divided into four lobes that are separated by prominent fissures. These lobes are the: frontal lobe (forehead), parietal lobe (top to rear head), occipital lobe (back head) and temporal lobe (side of head). OBJECTIVE 15| Identify the four lobes of the cerebral cortex.

Functions of the Cortex The Motor Cortex is the area at the rear of the frontal lobes that control voluntary movements The Sensory Cortex (parietal cortex) receives information from skin surface and sense organs. OBJECTIVE 16| Summarize some of the findings on the functions of the motor cortex and the sensory cortex, and discuss the importance of the association areas.

Visual & Auditory Function Visual cortex – at back of occipital lobe; processes / interprets visual images Auditory cortex – in temporal lobe; processes / interprets heard speech & language Courtesy of V.P. Clark, K. Keill, J. Ma. Maisog, S. Courtney, L.G. Ungerleider, and J.V. Haxby, National Institute of Mental Health To the right: The functional MRI scan shows the visual cortex is active as the subject looks at faces.

Auditory Function During Hallucination The functional MRI scan shows the auditory cortex is active in patients who hallucinate.

Association Areas More intelligent animals have increased “uncommitted” or association areas of the cortex. Memories are stored in association areas Complex thinking requires communication between association areas

Localization of Function: Language Hearing – Wernicke’s area in auditory cortex (_____ lobe) Speaking – Broca’s area in motor cortex (_____ lobe) Reading – Angular gyrus in visual cortesx (_____ lobe)

Language Aphasia is an impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either: Broca’s area is responsible for speech production Broca’s aphasia - (impaired speaking) Wernicke’s area – responsible for interpreting language Wernicke’s aphasia - impaired understanding OBJECTIVE 17| Describe the five brain areas that would be involved if you read this sentence aloud.

The Teenage Brain Use Link in classroom OR Google: “the teenage brain frontline PBS” http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/teenbrain/ as you explore: Continue to fill in graphic organizer and take notes on key brain structures

The Brain and Driving Based on your research, indicate how each brain structure listed could be involved in driving a car HINT: THIS IS THE KIND OF APPLICATION YOU WILL WANT TO BE ABLE TO DO FOR A FREE RESPONSE QUESTION

Superhero Project Work Time/ Independent Research Complete your brain & driving handout Recommended resources include: The teenage brain website Your text Psychsim5: “Brain & Behavior” – this is a good one “Dueling Brains” “Hemispheric Specialization” When research is done, do Superhero Project: Create and present your own superhero. RESTRICTION: YOUR SUPERHERO’s special ability MAY USE ONLY ONE LOBE OF THEIR BRAIN; ALL THEIR ABILITIES MUST BE CONCENTRATED IN BRAIN FUNCTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE WITHIN THAT LOBE.