Parts/lobes of the brain Bullet 1 MT: Nervous system 1

4 Lobes of the Brain Frontal Parietal Temporal Occipital Insula (hidden & controversial)

Frontal Lobe Fxns: reasoning, planning, problem solving, logics, thinking Biggest area of brain Stops developing ~25 years old

Parietal Lobe Fxns: recognizing stimuli, orientation, and recognition

Temporal Lobe Fxns: memory, speech, and auditory stimuli

Occipital Lobe Fxns: visual processing

Important Lines of Brain Central Sulcus: separates frontal and parietal lobes

Important Lines of Brain Lateral fissure: separates temporal and frontal lobes

Important Lines of Brain Longitudinal fissure: separates brain medially

INSIDE OF Brain

Parts of the Brain Brainstem (old reptilian brain) = midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata Limbic System (old mammalian brain) = thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus Corpus Callosum

Brainstem: Midbrain, Pons, Medulla Oblongata

Brainstem: Midbrain: -superior end of brainstem -Fxn: eye mvmts, reflexes in pupil Pons: -inbetween midbrain and medulla -Fxn: regulates respiration (breathing) Medulla Oblongata: -inferior end of brainstem; leads into spinal cord -Fxn: heart rate, vomiting, coughing, sneezing, hiccupping, swallowing

Parts of the Brain Brainstem (old reptilian brain) = midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata Limbic System (old mammalian brain) = thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus Corpus Callosum

Limbic System Thalamus: -Fxn: relay center; most sensory neurons go here and then they are sent to correct place Hypothalamus: -Fxn: controls sleep/wake cycles, homeostasis, thirst, appetite Hippocampus: -Fxn: memory and learning Amygdala: -Fxn: memory of emotional situations especially fear

Limbic System

Parts of the Brain Brainstem (old reptilian brain) = midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata Limbic System (old mammalian brain) = thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus Corpus Callosum

Corpus Callosum Corpus Callosum: -Fxn: neurons cross to other side of brain Ex: left eye sends signal through left hemisphere, through the corpus callosum, to the right hemisphere, to the occipital lobe

Corpus Callosum

Cranial Nerves 1-6 Cranial Nerve # Function CN I: Olfactory Sense of smell CN II: Optic Vision CN III: Oculomotor Eye mvtmts, pupil regulation CN IV: Trochlear Eye movements CN V: Trigeminal Sense head and face, chewing CN VI: Abducent Abduction of eye

Cranial Nerves 7-12 CN VII: Facial Function CN VII: Facial Facial expressions, saliva, tears, taste CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear Sense of balance, hearing CN IX: Glossopharyngeal Sense of tongue, swallowing, saliva, blood pressure control CN X: Vagus Movements of organs, slows heart, increases digestion, voice production CN XI: Accessory Movements of shoulders, head, and viscera (organs) CN XII: Hypoglossal Tongue movements

Facial (VII)