Range of Motion

What is it The complete extent of movement which a joint is capable of Used when doing routine activities such as bathing, eating, and dressing; uses ms. that keep many joints in effective range of motion

Purpose of Range of Motion To prevent problems caused by a lack of movement To prevent problems caused by inactivity Contractures: the tightening and shortening of a ms.: for example foot drop Muscles may atrophy when they are not used Joints become stiff Blood clots and decubitus ulcers may develop

Types of ROM Active Range of Motion (AROM)- those movements performed by the patient without help Passive Range of Motion (PROM)- a movement cannot be performed by the patient and the health care worker moves each joint through its range of motion. Active Assistive Range of Motion (AAROM)- the patient does the exercises with some assistance from another person

Rules for ROM Use good body mechanics; raise the bed to your waist level if the patient is in bed Expose only the body part being exercised Explain to the patient what you are going to do, and teach the patient how to do it. Support the extremity being exercised (place hands under the extremity, supporting the joint above and the joint below the one you are exercising Move each joint until there is resistance but not pain. Move each joint slowly, smoothly and gently Return the joint to a neutral position after the movement Keep friction to a minimum Repeat ea exercise 3-5 times

Joint Movement Abduction-moving a body part away from the midline Adduction- moving a body part toward the midline Flexion-bending a body part Extension-straightening a body part Rotation- moving in a circle Pronation- turning a body part downward Supination- turning a body part upward

Joint Movement Cont… Inversion- turning a body part inward Eversion-turning a body part outward Dorsiflexion-bending backward Plantar Flexion bending forward Radial Deviation- moving toward the thumb side Ulnar deviation- moving toward the little finger side Opposition- touch ea finger to the thumb