Lipids and DNA.

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Presentation transcript:

Lipids and DNA

Lipids A group of chemicals that includes fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, steroids, and sterols (steroid + alcohols). Fats and oils provide long-term energy storage. Fats provide insulation Fats are mostly insoluble in water Phospholipids form the cell membrane Steroids are both structural and functional chemicals. Sterols are combinations of alcohols + steroids (ex. Cholesterol) Some lipids are beneficial!

Lipid Chemical Structure AKA Triglyceride ^

Phospholipid Bilayer Thin cell membrane barrier made of two layers of lipids Polar “head” and Non-Polar fatty acid “tail” Polar head is hydrophilic (water-loving) Non-Polar tail is hydrophobic (water-hating

Lipids have glycerol “monomers” Not monomers, per se, but fatty acid tails are linked together by glycerol molecules Glycerol Fatty Acid Tails

Nucleic Acids Large complex molecules that contain hereditary or inherited information. Responsible for inherited characteristics. Make up the structure of DNA and RNA DNA is blueprint for making an individual (genetic code) RNA is blueprint for making individual proteins

DNA and RNA Monomers Called nucleotides Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine in DNA In RNA, Thymine is replaced by Uracil

DNA Structure Sugar-phosphate backbone Double helix

DNA vs. RNA Structure