The Mole Avogadro’s number.

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Presentation transcript:

The Mole Avogadro’s number

How much is: A dozen? A century? A mole?

How much is: A dozen? 12 A century? 100 A mole? 6.02 x 1023 (602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000)

The Mole The mole, the mole, the pivot point of chemistry. The mole, the mole, a concept you just have to see. A mole is the name for a number... That’s very, very large,... very, very large,... very, very large, ... very LARGE! Six point oh-two-two times ten to the twenty-third. Ohhh, six point oh-two-two times ten to the twenty-third. We go from grams to moles to molecules, From grams to moles to liters. No matter where you go in chemistry, use moles!

Can you count a mole of pennies? If you could count 5 per second, it would take you

Can you count a mole of pennies? If you could count 5 per second, it would take you 6.02 x 10 23 ÷ 5 pennies/second ÷ 60 sec/min ÷ 60 min/hr ÷ 24hrs/day ÷ 365 days/yr = 3,800,000,000,000,000 years!

Can you spend a mole of dollars? If you could spend $1,000,000 every second it would take you

Can you spend a mole of dollars? If you could spend $1,000,000 every second it would take you 6.02 x 10 23 ÷ $1,000,000/sec ÷ 60 sec/min ÷ 60 min/hr ÷ 24hrs/day ÷ 365 days/yr = 19,000,000,000 years!

When measuring amounts, you can count or you can mass them. If I want 2 dozen baseballs, I can count 24 baseballs Or I can mass 16 kg of baseballs.

How many tennis balls are in 6 kg? 24 ( 2 dozen)

How many tennis balls are in a mole? 6.02 x 10^23 in a mole 12 in a dozen

Since we can’t count a mole of atoms, we MUST mass chemicals to measure moles 6.02 x 10 23 atoms of sulfur 32.07 grams of sulfur 6.02 x 10 23 atoms of carbon 12.01 grams of carbon

How do we measure moles? The atomic mass on your periodic table is the mass of a mole of atoms of that element. What is the mass of a mole of copper atoms? So, to count 6.02 x 1023 copper atoms, we mass out 63.55 g on the scale.

Find the mass of: A mole of silicon atoms 6.02 x 1023 atoms of nitrogen 6.02 x 1023 atoms of sodium moles of sodium atoms

Find the mass of: A mole of silicon atoms 28.09 g 6.02 x 1023 atoms of nitrogen 14.01 g 6.02 x 1023 atoms of sodium 22.99g 2 moles of sodium atoms 45.98 g

How many atoms are in: A mole of silicon 14.01 g of nitrogen 2 moles of sodium 45.98 g of sodium

How many things are in: A mole of footballs A mole of water 2 moles of pencils ½ mole of lead

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance To find the molar mass of an element, look on the periodic table. To find the molar mass of a compound, add all the masses of its elements

Find the molar mass of: Ammonium phosphate NH4+ PO43- (NH4)3PO4 Carbon dioxide CO2

Find the molar mass of: Ammonium phosphate NH4+ PO43- (NH4)3PO4 =42 +12 +31 +64 =149g Carbon dioxide CO2 = 12 + 32 = 44 g

Find the molar mass of: Water H2O Germanium Ge

Find the molar mass of: Water H2O = 2 + 16 = 18 g Germanium Ge

Find the molar mass of: Hydrogen gas H2 = 2 g Elemental hydrogen H

Find the molar mass of: Iron Fe Iron (III) hydroxide Fe3+ OH- Fe(OH)3

Find the molar mass of: Iron Fe = 55.85 g (or 56 g) Iron (III) hydroxide Fe3+ OH- Fe(OH)3 = 56 + 48 + 3 =107 g

Remember unit factors? 1 dozen atoms silver 12 silver atoms

Mole Day is October 23!